Biomaterial Database

Renin and body fluid volumes in chronic renal disease. Relations between arterial pressure, plasma renin activity, blood volume, and extracellular volume in chronic renal disease, as compared with essential hypertension. 1981

P Boer, and E J Dorhout Mees, and J C Roos, and H A Koomans, and G G Geyskes

In 47 patients with hypertension and chronic renal insufficiency (CRI) and 38 patients with essential hypertension (EH), the following parameters were measured under moderate salt restriction: plasma volume (PV), blood volume (BV), extracellular fluid volume (ECFV), ratio of blood volume to insterstitial fluid volume (BV/IV), recumbent plasma renin activity (PRA), increase in PRA upon standing (delta PRAst), creatinine clearance (Ccr), and mean arterial pressure (MAP). Mean PRA, ECFV, and MAP values did not differ significantly between the two groups. In the CRI group, MAP showed a weak positive correlation with ECFV (r = 0.34). Mean PV, BV and BV/IV ratio were significantly higher than in the EH group, whereas delta PRAst was markedly blunted (p less than 0.001) and showed a weak correlation with Ccr (r = 0.33). This suggests that patients with CRI on a moderate Na intake have a decreased tissue compliance which results in a relative elevation of BV. On the other hand, although MAP was not significantly correlated with either BV or IV, a negative correlation (r = -0.31) was found between MAP and BV/IV, indicating that elevation of the blood pressure (BP) tends to depress BV. These oppositely directed effects may explain the failure so far to establish a relationship between BP in renal disease and any haemodynamic parameter or combination of such parameters.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D006973	Hypertension	Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.	Blood Pressure, High,Blood Pressures, High,High Blood Pressure,High Blood Pressures
D007676	Kidney Failure, Chronic	The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and the reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE to less than 15 ml per min (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002). These patients generally require HEMODIALYSIS or KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION.	ESRD,End-Stage Renal Disease,Renal Disease, End-Stage,Renal Failure, Chronic,Renal Failure, End-Stage,Chronic Kidney Failure,End-Stage Kidney Disease,Chronic Renal Failure,Disease, End-Stage Kidney,Disease, End-Stage Renal,End Stage Kidney Disease,End Stage Renal Disease,End-Stage Renal Failure,Kidney Disease, End-Stage,Renal Disease, End Stage,Renal Failure, End Stage
D012083	Renin	A highly specific (Leu-Leu) endopeptidase that generates ANGIOTENSIN I from its precursor ANGIOTENSINOGEN, leading to a cascade of reactions which elevate BLOOD PRESSURE and increase sodium retention by the kidney in the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM. The enzyme was formerly listed as EC 3.4.99.19.	Angiotensin-Forming Enzyme,Angiotensinogenase,Big Renin,Cryorenin,Inactive Renin,Pre-Prorenin,Preprorenin,Prorenin,Angiotensin Forming Enzyme,Pre Prorenin,Renin, Big,Renin, Inactive
D001794	Blood Pressure	PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.	Systolic Pressure,Diastolic Pressure,Pulse Pressure,Pressure, Blood,Pressure, Diastolic,Pressure, Pulse,Pressure, Systolic,Pressures, Systolic
D001810	Blood Volume	Volume of circulating BLOOD. It is the sum of the PLASMA VOLUME and ERYTHROCYTE VOLUME.	Blood Volumes,Volume, Blood,Volumes, Blood
D001830	Body Surface Area	The two dimensional measure of the outer layer of the body.	Area, Body Surface,Areas, Body Surface,Body Surface Areas,Surface Area, Body,Surface Areas, Body
D003404	Creatinine		Creatinine Sulfate Salt,Krebiozen,Salt, Creatinine Sulfate,Sulfate Salt, Creatinine
D005110	Extracellular Space	Interstitial space between cells, occupied by INTERSTITIAL FLUID as well as amorphous and fibrous substances. For organisms with a CELL WALL, the extracellular space includes everything outside of the CELL MEMBRANE including the PERIPLASM and the cell wall.	Intercellular Space,Extracellular Spaces,Intercellular Spaces,Space, Extracellular,Space, Intercellular,Spaces, Extracellular,Spaces, Intercellular
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man