Biomaterial Database

Sarcomere length control in striated muscle. 1982

R van Heuningen, and W H Rijnsburger, and H E ter Keurs

A system that makes control of muscle length (ML), sarcomere length (SL), and force (F) possible in striated muscle preparations is described. SL was measured by light diffraction techniques and two diffractometers. Control was performed by influencing ML with a penmotor system with a frequency response of 190 Hz. SL or F could be controlled by interrupting the internal position (i.e., ML) feedback of the motor and by closing the respective loop. Velocity feedback of the motor through an internal velocity coil was maintained in all cases for optimal damping. Steady-state error of the system was minimized by an integrating loop filter. The feedback path was selected by means of potentiometers or analog switches. Electronic stops in the circuit protected the muscle against excessive stretch and load. A microprocessor-based average-response computer could be used for feedforward control to eliminate noise or to analyze longitudinal uniformity of the muscle. Responses of rat cardiac trabeculae during SL and F control are shown. Transient behavior of SL and F during control and measures to eliminate the transients are discussed.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009200	Myocardial Contraction	Contractile activity of the MYOCARDIUM.	Heart Contractility,Inotropism, Cardiac,Cardiac Inotropism,Cardiac Inotropisms,Contractilities, Heart,Contractility, Heart,Contraction, Myocardial,Contractions, Myocardial,Heart Contractilities,Inotropisms, Cardiac,Myocardial Contractions
D002415	Cats	The domestic cat, Felis catus, of the carnivore family FELIDAE, comprising over 30 different breeds. The domestic cat is descended primarily from the wild cat of Africa and extreme southwestern Asia. Though probably present in towns in Palestine as long ago as 7000 years, actual domestication occurred in Egypt about 4000 years ago. (From Walker's Mammals of the World, 6th ed, p801)	Felis catus,Felis domesticus,Domestic Cats,Felis domestica,Felis sylvestris catus,Cat,Cat, Domestic,Cats, Domestic,Domestic Cat
D003201	Computers	Programmable electronic devices designed to accept data, perform prescribed mathematical and logical operations at high speed, and display the results of these operations.	Calculators, Programmable,Computer Hardware,Computers, Digital,Hardware, Computer,Calculator, Programmable,Computer,Computer, Digital,Digital Computer,Digital Computers,Programmable Calculator,Programmable Calculators
D006321	Heart	The hollow, muscular organ that maintains the circulation of the blood.	Hearts
D006696	Holography	The recording of images in three-dimensional form on a photographic film by exposing it to a laser beam reflected from the object under study.
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001696	Biomechanical Phenomena	The properties, processes, and behavior of biological systems under the action of mechanical forces.	Biomechanics,Kinematics,Biomechanic Phenomena,Mechanobiological Phenomena,Biomechanic,Biomechanic Phenomenas,Phenomena, Biomechanic,Phenomena, Biomechanical,Phenomena, Mechanobiological,Phenomenas, Biomechanic
D066298	In Vitro Techniques	Methods to study reactions or processes taking place in an artificial environment outside the living organism.	In Vitro Test,In Vitro Testing,In Vitro Tests,In Vitro as Topic,In Vitro,In Vitro Technique,In Vitro Testings,Technique, In Vitro,Techniques, In Vitro,Test, In Vitro,Testing, In Vitro,Testings, In Vitro,Tests, In Vitro,Vitro Testing, In