Biomaterial Database

Prediction of early relapse after pimozide discontinuation by response to d-amphetamine during pimozide treatment. 1982

D P van Kammen, and J P Docherty, and W E Bunney

Thirteen schizophrenic patients underwent a d-amphetamine infusion while being treated with pimozide, an antipsychotic agent and a relatively specific dopamine (DA) blocker. Six patients who showed an acute increase in psychosis with d-amphetamine relapsed within 3 months after pimozide withdrawal. Of the seven patients who did not change in psychosis with d-amphetamine, six did not relapse after pimozide discontinuation (Fisher's exact test, p less than 0.005). Retrospectively, the psychosis-inducing effects of d-amphetamine were found to be predictive of psychotic exacerbation following subsequent pimozide withdrawal. Pimozide failed to block the psychotogenic effects of d-amphetamine in six patients indicating that other mechanisms besides DA may play a role in psychotic decompensation. The d-amphetamine infusion paradigm should be studied further to determine its clinical value for identifying which schizophrenic patients are at risk for relapse after discontinuation of neuroleptic treatment.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D008875	Middle Aged	An adult aged 45 - 64 years.	Middle Age
D010868	Pimozide	A diphenylbutylpiperidine that is effective as an antipsychotic agent and as an alternative to HALOPERIDOL for the suppression of vocal and motor tics in patients with Tourette syndrome. Although the precise mechanism of action is unknown, blockade of postsynaptic dopamine receptors has been postulated. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p403)	Antalon,Orap,Orap forte,R-6238,R6238
D011954	Receptors, Dopamine	Cell-surface proteins that bind dopamine with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behavior of cells.	Dopamine Receptors,Dopamine Receptor,Receptor, Dopamine
D012008	Recurrence	The return of a sign, symptom, or disease after a remission.	Recrudescence,Relapse,Recrudescences,Recurrences,Relapses
D003913	Dextroamphetamine	The d-form of AMPHETAMINE. It is a central nervous system stimulant and a sympathomimetic. It has also been used in the treatment of narcolepsy and of attention deficit disorders and hyperactivity in children. Dextroamphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blocking uptake of adrenergics and dopamine, stimulating release of monamines, and inhibiting monoamine oxidase. It is also a drug of abuse and a psychotomimetic.	d-Amphetamine,Curban,Dexamfetamine,Dexamphetamine,Dexedrine,Dextro-Amphetamine Sulfate,DextroStat,Dextroamphetamine Sulfate,Oxydess,d-Amphetamine Sulfate,dextro-Amphetamine,Dextro Amphetamine Sulfate,Sulfate, Dextroamphetamine,d Amphetamine,d Amphetamine Sulfate,dextro Amphetamine
D004298	Dopamine	One of the catecholamine NEUROTRANSMITTERS in the brain. It is derived from TYROSINE and is the precursor to NOREPINEPHRINE and EPINEPHRINE. Dopamine is a major transmitter in the extrapyramidal system of the brain, and important in regulating movement. A family of receptors (RECEPTORS, DOPAMINE) mediate its action.	Hydroxytyramine,3,4-Dihydroxyphenethylamine,4-(2-Aminoethyl)-1,2-benzenediol,Dopamine Hydrochloride,Intropin,3,4 Dihydroxyphenethylamine,Hydrochloride, Dopamine
D005260	Female		Females
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000208	Acute Disease	Disease having a short and relatively severe course.	Acute Diseases,Disease, Acute,Diseases, Acute