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Lipid translocation across the human erythrocyte membrane. Regulatory factors. 1982

N Mohandas, and J Wyatt, and S F Mel, and M E Rossi, and S B Shohet

A simple method based on the differential extraction of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) by saline and albumin solutions has been developed to study the factors that influence lipid translocation across intact human erythrocyte membrane. With this assay, the rate of LPC translocation across the bilayer at 37 degrees C was found to be 1.87% h (0.0187 h-1). Identical translocation rates were derived for normal cells and cells in which the ATP was totally depleted, implying that the metabolic state of the cell had no influence. In contrast, the translocation rate was strongly influenced by temperature. Above 21 degrees C, the rate doubled for every 51 degrees C increase in temperature, suggesting an important role for diffusion through the lipid phase. Denaturation of a single major skeletal protein, spectrin, by heating cells to 5 degrees C did not alter the translocation rate. However, oxidative cross-linking of a complex of membrane proteins by treatment with diamide significantly increased the rate of translocation at 37 degrees C. Cholesterol enrichment of the cells decreased the apparent rate of translocation but not the total quantity of LPC translocated. Taken together, these data suggest that lipid translocation across the intact human erythrocyte membrane is not energy dependent, and that it is influenced by the organizational state of both the lipid and protein moieties of the membrane.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007700 Kinetics The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
D008244 Lysophosphatidylcholines Derivatives of PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINES obtained by their partial hydrolysis which removes one of the fatty acid moieties. Lysolecithin,Lysolecithins,Lysophosphatidylcholine
D008854 Microscopy, Electron Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen. Electron Microscopy
D002784 Cholesterol The principal sterol of all higher animals, distributed in body tissues, especially the brain and spinal cord, and in animal fats and oils. Epicholesterol
D003958 Diamide A sulfhydryl reagent which oxidizes sulfhydryl groups to the disulfide form. It is a radiation-sensitizing agent of anoxic bacterial and mammalian cells. Diazodicarboxylic Acid Bis(N,N-dimethyl)amide,Diazodicarboxylic Acid Bisdimethylamide,Dizene Dicarboxylic Acid Bis(N,N-dimethylamide),Dizenedicarboxylic Acid Bis(N,N-dimethylamide),Tetramethylazoformamide,Acid Bisdimethylamide, Diazodicarboxylic,Bisdimethylamide, Diazodicarboxylic Acid
D004910 Erythrocyte Membrane The semi-permeable outer structure of a red blood cell. It is known as a red cell 'ghost' after HEMOLYSIS. Erythrocyte Ghost,Red Cell Cytoskeleton,Red Cell Ghost,Erythrocyte Cytoskeleton,Cytoskeleton, Erythrocyte,Cytoskeleton, Red Cell,Erythrocyte Cytoskeletons,Erythrocyte Ghosts,Erythrocyte Membranes,Ghost, Erythrocyte,Ghost, Red Cell,Membrane, Erythrocyte,Red Cell Cytoskeletons,Red Cell Ghosts
D004912 Erythrocytes Red blood cells. Mature erythrocytes are non-nucleated, biconcave disks containing HEMOGLOBIN whose function is to transport OXYGEN. Blood Cells, Red,Blood Corpuscles, Red,Red Blood Cells,Red Blood Corpuscles,Blood Cell, Red,Blood Corpuscle, Red,Erythrocyte,Red Blood Cell,Red Blood Corpuscle
D005613 Freeze Etching A replica technique in which cells are frozen to a very low temperature and cracked with a knife blade to expose the interior surfaces of the cells or cell membranes. The cracked cell surfaces are then freeze-dried to expose their constituents. The surfaces are now ready for shadowing to be viewed using an electron microscope. This method differs from freeze-fracturing in that no cryoprotectant is used and, thus, allows for the sublimation of water during the freeze-drying process to etch the surfaces. Etching, Freeze
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D001692 Biological Transport The movement of materials (including biochemical substances and drugs) through a biological system at the cellular level. The transport can be across cell membranes and epithelial layers. It also can occur within intracellular compartments and extracellular compartments. Transport, Biological,Biologic Transport,Transport, Biologic

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