Biomaterial Database

[High-density-lipoprotein and renal insufficiency (author's transl)]. 1982

H Graf, and H K Stummvoll, and M M Müller

Disturbances in lipid metabolism and accelerated atherosclerosis are well-known phenomena of chronic renal insufficiency. The disturbance in lipid metabolism has been repeatedly described as secondary type IV hyperlipoproteinemia according to the classification of Fredrickson. The classification of Fredrickson, however, does not take into account the role of the alpha-lipoproteins (the HDL lipoproteins and HDL cholesterol). Hence, HDL cholesterol was determined and correlated to other routine parameters of lipid metabolism in 66 patients with different degrees of renal insufficiency. Furthermore, an intravenous fat tolerance test was performed in 14 patients with terminal renal insufficiency. Beside the well-known hypertriglyceridemia with cholesterol values near the upper limits of normal, a significant reduction in HDL cholesterol was found, showing a significant inverse correlation to plasma creatinine values. Patients with advanced or terminal renal insufficiency additionally showed a significant inverse correlation between HDL cholesterol and plasma triglycerides. The disappearance rate of intravenously administered fat emulsion (which corresponds to the clearance rate of chylomicrons and VLDL) was diminished in azotaemic patients, showing a significant inverse correlation between HDL cholesterol and disappearance rate in the intravenous FTT. Beside hypertriglyceridemia, the diminished HDL cholesterol values represent an additional risk factor for the genesis of accelerated atherosclerosis. The diminished k value demonstrates a diminished activity of lipoprotein lipase as cause of hypertriglyceridemia, whereby the positive correlation between the k value and HDL cholesterol and the inverse correlation between HDL cholesterol and triglycerides suggest a causal relationship between the decreased activity of lipoprotein lipase and diminished HDL cholesterol levels.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007676	Kidney Failure, Chronic	The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and the reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE to less than 15 ml per min (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002). These patients generally require HEMODIALYSIS or KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION.	ESRD,End-Stage Renal Disease,Renal Disease, End-Stage,Renal Failure, Chronic,Renal Failure, End-Stage,Chronic Kidney Failure,End-Stage Kidney Disease,Chronic Renal Failure,Disease, End-Stage Kidney,Disease, End-Stage Renal,End Stage Kidney Disease,End Stage Renal Disease,End-Stage Renal Failure,Kidney Disease, End-Stage,Renal Disease, End Stage,Renal Failure, End Stage
D008071	Lipoprotein Lipase	An enzyme of the hydrolase class that catalyzes the reaction of triacylglycerol and water to yield diacylglycerol and a fatty acid anion. The enzyme hydrolyzes triacylglycerols in chylomicrons, very-low-density lipoproteins, low-density lipoproteins, and diacylglycerols. It occurs on capillary endothelial surfaces, especially in mammary, muscle, and adipose tissue. Genetic deficiency of the enzyme causes familial hyperlipoproteinemia Type I. (Dorland, 27th ed) EC 3.1.1.34.	Heparin-Clearing Factor,Lipemia-Clearing Factor,Diacylglycerol Lipase,Diglyceride Lipase,Post-Heparin Lipase,Postheparin Lipase,Postheparin Lipoprotein Lipase,Factor, Heparin-Clearing,Factor, Lipemia-Clearing,Heparin Clearing Factor,Lipase, Diacylglycerol,Lipase, Diglyceride,Lipase, Lipoprotein,Lipase, Post-Heparin,Lipase, Postheparin,Lipase, Postheparin Lipoprotein,Lipemia Clearing Factor,Lipoprotein Lipase, Postheparin,Post Heparin Lipase
D008075	Lipoproteins, HDL	A class of lipoproteins of small size (4-13 nm) and dense (greater than 1.063 g/ml) particles. HDL lipoproteins, synthesized in the liver without a lipid core, accumulate cholesterol esters from peripheral tissues and transport them to the liver for re-utilization or elimination from the body (the reverse cholesterol transport). Their major protein component is APOLIPOPROTEIN A-I. HDL also shuttle APOLIPOPROTEINS C and APOLIPOPROTEINS E to and from triglyceride-rich lipoproteins during their catabolism. HDL plasma level has been inversely correlated with the risk of cardiovascular diseases.	High Density Lipoprotein,High-Density Lipoprotein,High-Density Lipoproteins,alpha-Lipoprotein,alpha-Lipoproteins,Heavy Lipoproteins,alpha-1 Lipoprotein,Density Lipoprotein, High,HDL Lipoproteins,High Density Lipoproteins,Lipoprotein, High Density,Lipoprotein, High-Density,Lipoproteins, Heavy,Lipoproteins, High-Density,alpha Lipoprotein,alpha Lipoproteins
D008076	Cholesterol, HDL	Cholesterol which is contained in or bound to high-density lipoproteins (HDL), including CHOLESTEROL ESTERS and free cholesterol.	High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol,Cholesterol, HDL2,Cholesterol, HDL3,HDL Cholesterol,HDL(2) Cholesterol,HDL(3) Cholesterol,HDL2 Cholesterol,HDL3 Cholesterol,alpha-Lipoprotein Cholesterol,Cholesterol, alpha-Lipoprotein,alpha Lipoprotein Cholesterol
D008297	Male		Males
D002784	Cholesterol	The principal sterol of all higher animals, distributed in body tissues, especially the brain and spinal cord, and in animal fats and oils.	Epicholesterol
D005260	Female		Females
D006435	Renal Dialysis	Therapy for the insufficient cleansing of the BLOOD by the kidneys based on dialysis and including hemodialysis, PERITONEAL DIALYSIS, and HEMODIAFILTRATION.	Dialysis, Extracorporeal,Dialysis, Renal,Extracorporeal Dialysis,Hemodialysis,Dialyses, Extracorporeal,Dialyses, Renal,Extracorporeal Dialyses,Hemodialyses,Renal Dialyses
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D001161	Arteriosclerosis	Thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES of all sizes. There are many forms classified by the types of lesions and arteries involved, such as ATHEROSCLEROSIS with fatty lesions in the ARTERIAL INTIMA of medium and large muscular arteries.	Arterioscleroses