Biomaterial Database

The effect of clothing on the initial ventilatory responses during cold-water immersion. 1978

S Martin, and R J Diewold, and K E Cooper

The effect of clothing on ventilatory responses during cold-water immersion was studied. Subjects were immersed in water at 13.9 degrees C on two occasions wearing either a bathing suit only or clothed with jacket, shirt, pants, and sports shoes. It was found that the initial gasp and subsequent minutes of expired ventilation were significantly attenuated, whereas the changes in end-tidal PCO2 were only significantly different for the 2nd and 3rd min of the immersion. It would appear that the use of clothing may prove beneficial during the first few minutes of a cold-water immersion by decreasing the powerful drive to increased respiration.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D006985	Hyperventilation	A pulmonary ventilation rate faster than is metabolically necessary for the exchange of gases. It is the result of an increased frequency of breathing, an increased tidal volume, or a combination of both. It causes an excess intake of oxygen and the blowing off of carbon dioxide.	Hyperventilations
D007101	Immersion	The placing of a body or a part thereof into a liquid.	Submersion,Immersions,Submersions
D008297	Male		Males
D012119	Respiration	The act of breathing with the LUNGS, consisting of INHALATION, or the taking into the lungs of the ambient air, and of EXHALATION, or the expelling of the modified air which contains more CARBON DIOXIDE than the air taken in (Blakiston's Gould Medical Dictionary, 4th ed.). This does not include tissue respiration (	Breathing
D003020	Clothing	Fabric or other material used to cover the body.	Clothes,Garments,Military Uniforms,Nurse Uniforms,School Uniforms,Uniforms,Garment,Military Uniform,Nurse Uniform,School Uniform,Uniform,Uniform, Military,Uniform, Nurse,Uniform, School,Uniforms, Military,Uniforms, Nurse,Uniforms, School
D003080	Cold Temperature	An absence of warmth or heat or a temperature notably below an accustomed norm.	Cold,Cold Temperatures,Temperature, Cold,Temperatures, Cold
D005260	Female		Females
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D013997	Time Factors	Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.	Time Series,Factor, Time,Time Factor