Myelin formation in rotation-mediated aggregating cell cultures: immunocytochemical, electron microscopic, and biochemical observations. 1982

B D Trapp, and H D Webster, and D Johnson, and R H Quarles, and S R Cohen, and M R Murray

Myelination was studied in aggregating cell cultures derived from mechanically 15- to 16-day fetal rat brains. Myelin basic protein (MBP) and myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) were localized immunocytochemically in 20-micrometers-thick Vibratome and 1-micrometer-thick Epon sections at 15, 20, 25, and 30 days in vitro. The occurrence of these proteins was correlated with the ultrastructural appearance of oligodendrocytes and myelin sheaths and with biochemical levels of MBP, MAG, and the myelin-related enzyme, 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (CNP). MBP appeared in ultrastructurally immature oligodendrocyte cytoplasm at 15 days in vitro. As oligodendrocytes developed a more differentiated fine structure, MBP and MAG antisera stained oligodendrocyte processes and myelin sheaths. Immunostaining in Vibratome sections demonstrated that MBP was detectable in oligodendrocytes and myelin prior to MAG. At 25 days in vitro, all Vibratome sections contained MBP- and MAG-stained oligodendrocytes and myelin sheaths. Radioimmunoassays for MBP and MAG and enzyme assays for CNP in whole homogenates of the aggregates revealed that each of these components increased with the progression of myelination. However, MBP only reached 8% of the level in adult rat brain, while MAG and CNP increased to more than half of the adult level. The protein composition of myelin purified from 30-day aggregates resembled that of myelin purified from immature rat brain.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008854 Microscopy, Electron Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen. Electron Microscopy
D009186 Myelin Sheath The lipid-rich sheath surrounding AXONS in both the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEMS and PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. The myelin sheath is an electrical insulator and allows faster and more energetically efficient conduction of impulses. The sheath is formed by the cell membranes of glial cells (SCHWANN CELLS in the peripheral and OLIGODENDROGLIA in the central nervous system). Deterioration of the sheath in DEMYELINATING DISEASES is a serious clinical problem. Myelin,Myelin Sheaths,Sheath, Myelin,Sheaths, Myelin
D009836 Oligodendroglia A class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system. Oligodendroglia may be called interfascicular, perivascular, or perineuronal (not the same as SATELLITE CELLS, PERINEURONAL of GANGLIA) according to their location. They form the insulating MYELIN SHEATH of axons in the central nervous system. Interfascicular Oligodendroglia,Oligodendrocytes,Perineuronal Oligodendroglia,Perineuronal Satellite Oligodendroglia Cells,Perivascular Oligodendroglia,Satellite Cells, Perineuronal, Oligodendroglia,Perineuronal Satellite Oligodendrocytes,Interfascicular Oligodendroglias,Oligodendrocyte,Oligodendrocyte, Perineuronal Satellite,Oligodendrocytes, Perineuronal Satellite,Oligodendroglia, Interfascicular,Oligodendroglia, Perineuronal,Oligodendroglia, Perivascular,Perineuronal Satellite Oligodendrocyte,Satellite Oligodendrocyte, Perineuronal,Satellite Oligodendrocytes, Perineuronal
D011247 Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH. Gestation,Pregnancies
D001921 Brain The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM. Encephalon
D002449 Cell Aggregation The phenomenon by which dissociated cells intermixed in vitro tend to group themselves with cells of their own type. Aggregation, Cell,Aggregations, Cell,Cell Aggregations
D002478 Cells, Cultured Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others. Cultured Cells,Cell, Cultured,Cultured Cell
D005260 Female Females
D005333 Fetus The unborn young of a viviparous mammal, in the postembryonic period, after the major structures have been outlined. In humans, the unborn young from the end of the eighth week after CONCEPTION until BIRTH, as distinguished from the earlier EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN. Fetal Structures,Fetal Tissue,Fetuses,Mummified Fetus,Retained Fetus,Fetal Structure,Fetal Tissues,Fetus, Mummified,Fetus, Retained,Structure, Fetal,Structures, Fetal,Tissue, Fetal,Tissues, Fetal
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia

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