Biomaterial Database

Applicator exposure to 2,4-D, dicamba, and a dicamba isomer. 1982

W M Draper, and J C Street

Potential respiratory and dermal exposure to applicators were estimated in a ground boom spray application of 2,4-D and dicamba. Time-weighted averages for airborne herbicide residues did not exceed 2.2 microgram/cu.m. in the cabs of application vehicles allowing only minor respiratory exposure. Dermal exposure was important as relatively large amounts of 2,4-D (1.2 - 18 mg) and dicamba (0.32-6.6 mg) were rinsed from applicators' hands. Urine analysis showed that the maximum elimination of herbicides occurred between 16 and 40 h after terminating exposure. A dicamba isomer (20% of the active material in the commercial formulation) was excreted in higher concentrations than dicamba in applicators' urine suggesting different toxicokinetic properties for the two compounds.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009790	Occupations	Crafts, trades, professions, or other means of earning a living.	Vocations,Occupation,Vocation
D010573	Pesticide Residues	Pesticides or their breakdown products remaining in the environment following their normal use or accidental contamination.	Pesticide Residue,Residue, Pesticide,Residues, Pesticide
D012119	Respiration	The act of breathing with the LUNGS, consisting of INHALATION, or the taking into the lungs of the ambient air, and of EXHALATION, or the expelling of the modified air which contains more CARBON DIOXIDE than the air taken in (Blakiston's Gould Medical Dictionary, 4th ed.). This does not include tissue respiration (	Breathing
D003996	Dicamba	A chlorinated organic herbicide.
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000383	Agriculture	The science, art or practice of cultivating soil, producing crops, and raising livestock.	Agronomy,Agricultural Development,Farming,Agronomies,Development, Agricultural
D000388	Air	The mixture of gases present in the earth's atmosphere consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and small amounts of other gases.
D001565	Benzoates	Derivatives of BENZOIC ACID. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that contain the carboxybenzene structure.	Benzoate,Benzoic Acids,Acids, Benzoic
D012867	Skin	The outer covering of the body that protects it from the environment. It is composed of the DERMIS and the EPIDERMIS.
D015084	2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid	An herbicide with irritant effects on the eye and the gastrointestinal system.	2,4-D,2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid, Ammonium Salt,2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid, Lithium Salt,2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid, Potassium Salt,2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid, Sodium Salt,Monosan,2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid