The authors share their eight-and-a half-year experience in the treatment of 136 patients with terminal chronic renal insufficiency (CRI), treated via programmed hemodialysis. The programmed hemodialysis was established to considerably prolong the lives of the patients with terminal CRI. Many of them were rehabilitated to a state, making them feel complete citizens. The authors established that the patients with Balkan endemic nephropathy, as compared with those with chronic pyelo-nephritis and glomerulonephritis were adapted and rehabilitated far faster. It was also established that the earlier the hemodialysis treatment was performed, the faster those patients were adapted and rehabilitated and the longer they lived. The effectiveness of hemodialysis therapy was negligible in patients with poor general state. According to their observations blood urea should not be higher than 180-200 mg%, creatinin--over 10-12 mg%, hematocrit--under 25% and hemoglobin under 8 g%.