Biomaterial Database

Prevention of cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis. 1982

M J Droller, and R Saral, and G Santos

The occurrence of hemorrhagic cystitis with the use of high-dose cyclophosphamide is thought to be a toxic effect of cyclophosphamide metabolites directly on the bladder mucosa. To decrease both the concentration of metabolites in contact with the bladder mucosa and the time of such contact, a regimen of diuresis and frequent voiding or catheter drainage was instituted in patients at risk for the development of hemorrhage. Prior to institution of this regimen, 8 of 97 patients experienced massive clot-producing hemorrhage, three-quarters of whom died as a direct result of such hemorrhage. Subsequent to use of this regimen, only 1 of 198 patients experienced this degree of hemorrhage. Although this is only a phase II study, the dramatic decrease in the incidence of hemorrhage strongly suggests the efficacy of this regimen in decreasing the potential morbidity associated with cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D001743	Urinary Bladder	A musculomembranous sac along the URINARY TRACT. URINE flows from the KIDNEYS into the bladder via the ureters (URETER), and is held there until URINATION.	Bladder,Bladder Detrusor Muscle,Detrusor Urinae,Bladder Detrusor Muscles,Bladder, Urinary,Detrusor Muscle, Bladder,Detrusor Muscles, Bladder
D003520	Cyclophosphamide	Precursor of an alkylating nitrogen mustard antineoplastic and immunosuppressive agent that must be activated in the LIVER to form the active aldophosphamide. It has been used in the treatment of LYMPHOMA and LEUKEMIA. Its side effect, ALOPECIA, has been used for defleecing sheep. Cyclophosphamide may also cause sterility, birth defects, mutations, and cancer.	(+,-)-2-(bis(2-Chloroethyl)amino)tetrahydro-2H-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorine 2-Oxide Monohydrate,B-518,Cyclophosphamide Anhydrous,Cyclophosphamide Monohydrate,Cyclophosphamide, (R)-Isomer,Cyclophosphamide, (S)-Isomer,Cyclophosphane,Cytophosphan,Cytophosphane,Cytoxan,Endoxan,NSC-26271,Neosar,Procytox,Sendoxan,B 518,B518,NSC 26271,NSC26271
D003556	Cystitis	Inflammation of the URINARY BLADDER, either from bacterial or non-bacterial causes. Cystitis is usually associated with painful urination (dysuria), increased frequency, urgency, and suprapubic pain.	Cystitides
D004231	Diuresis	An increase in the excretion of URINE. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)	Diureses
D004326	Drinking	The consumption of liquids.	Water Consumption,Water Intake,Drinkings
D004341	Drug Evaluation	Any process by which toxicity, metabolism, absorption, elimination, preferred route of administration, safe dosage range, etc., for a drug or group of drugs is determined through clinical assessment in humans or veterinary animals.	Evaluation Studies, Drug,Drug Evaluation Studies,Drug Evaluation Study,Drug Evaluations,Evaluation Study, Drug,Evaluation, Drug,Evaluations, Drug,Studies, Drug Evaluation,Study, Drug Evaluation
D005260	Female		Females
D006470	Hemorrhage	Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel.	Bleeding,Hemorrhages
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man