A morphometric, histochemical and electron microscopic investigation of the sciatic nerve hemomicrocirculatory bed was performed (on 45 dogs) after its small part had been resected and the cut end had been sutured microsurgically. During 2--4 weeks after the operation the microvessel reactions depend mainly on the trauma and the resulted processes of aseptic inflammation, the neural fibre degeneration and vascular denervation. Within the interval of 2--4 weeks up to 6-12 months after the nerve cutting, transformations in the hemomicrocirculatory bed play an important role in the energy and plastic ensurance of the regenerative neuroma elements and the adjoining parts of the nerve. Specific reactions of the peripheral nerve microvessels at their restoration should be taken into account when estimating time of surgical operations for neural trunks and elaborating some new neurosurgical approaches.