Biomaterial Database

Fixed-bed charcoal hemoperfusion. Treatment of drug overdose. 1978

A Koffler, and M Bernstein, and A LaSette, and S G Massry

Fixed-bed activated charcoal cartridges were used for hemoperfusion in the treatment of 54 patients with overdose of one or more drugs, including barbiturate, glutethimide, ethchloryvnol, meprobamate, methyprylon, methaqualone, salicylate, and diazepam. The most dramatic improvement was noticed in patients with phenobarbitol intoxication; they were admitted in stage 3-4 coma and were either awake or arousable by verbal communication at the end of 1 1/2 to 3 1/2 hours of hemoperfusion. Other intoxications improved slowly and required longer duration of treatment. The clearance rates of the drugs with hemoperfusion were greater than those usually achieved with hemodialysis. The data demonstrate the efficacy and usefulness of charcoal hemoperfusion for the management of drug overdose.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D008875	Middle Aged	An adult aged 45 - 64 years.	Middle Age
D010634	Phenobarbital	A barbituric acid derivative that acts as a nonselective central nervous system depressant. It potentiates GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID action on GABA-A RECEPTORS, and modulates chloride currents through receptor channels. It also inhibits glutamate induced depolarizations.	Phenemal,Phenobarbitone,Phenylbarbital,Gardenal,Hysteps,Luminal,Phenobarbital Sodium,Phenobarbital, Monosodium Salt,Phenylethylbarbituric Acid,Acid, Phenylethylbarbituric,Monosodium Salt Phenobarbital,Sodium, Phenobarbital
D010758	Phosphorus	A non-metal element that has the atomic symbol P, atomic number 15, and atomic weight 31. It is an essential element that takes part in a broad variety of biochemical reactions.	Black Phosphorus,Phosphorus-31,Red Phosphorus,White Phosphorus,Yellow Phosphorus,Phosphorus 31,Phosphorus, Black,Phosphorus, Red,Phosphorus, White,Phosphorus, Yellow
D011041	Poisoning	A condition or physical state produced by the ingestion, injection, inhalation of or exposure to a deleterious agent.	Poisonings
D002118	Calcium	A basic element found in nearly all tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.	Coagulation Factor IV,Factor IV,Blood Coagulation Factor IV,Calcium-40,Calcium 40,Factor IV, Coagulation
D002606	Charcoal	An amorphous form of carbon prepared from the incomplete combustion of animal or vegetable matter, e.g., wood. The activated form of charcoal is used in the treatment of poisoning. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)	Activated Charcoal,Actidose,Actidose-Aqua,Adsorba,Carbomix,Charbon,CharcoAid,CharcoCaps,Charcodote,Formocarbine,Insta-Char,Kohle-Compretten,Kohle-Hevert,Kohle-Pulvis,Kohle-Tabletten Boxo-Pharm,Liqui-Char,Norit,Ultracarbon,Charcoal, Activated
D004984	Ethchlorvynol	A sedative and hypnotic that has been used in the short-term management of INSOMNIA. Its use has been superseded by other drugs.	Ethchlorovynol,Ethchlorvinol,Placidyl
D005260	Female		Females
D005984	Glutethimide	A hypnotic and sedative. Its use has been largely superseded by other drugs.	Doriden,Noxiron