Biomaterial Database

The effect of ampicillin on oral contraceptive effectiveness. 1980

C I Friedman, and A L Huneke, and M H Kim, and J Powell

The effectiveness of oral contraceptives with concomitant use of ampicillin has been questioned. Eleven volunteer subjects were studied during 2 consecutive menstrual cycles; they were given Demulen with placebo or ampicillin during each of the cycles. Serum estradiol (E2), progesterone (P4), luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were evaluated on days 13 and 19 of each cycle. Testosterone-binding globulin (TeBG) capacity and ferning of cervical mucus were evaluated on day 13 of each cycle. Subjective symptoms were recorded. All cycles appeared to be anovulatory. Steroid suppression was present in 10 of 11 patients during both cycles. Estrogen-dependent TeBG was not affected by ampicillin. It is possible that cervical mucus ferning was improved by concurrent ampicillin administration. Ampicillin appears unlikely to diminish the effectiveness of the oral contraceptive studied.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007986	Luteinizing Hormone	A major gonadotropin secreted by the adenohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR). Luteinizing hormone regulates steroid production by the interstitial cells of the TESTIS and the OVARY. The preovulatory LUTEINIZING HORMONE surge in females induces OVULATION, and subsequent LUTEINIZATION of the follicle. LUTEINIZING HORMONE consists of two noncovalently linked subunits, alpha and beta. Within a species, the alpha subunit is common in the three pituitary glycoprotein hormones (TSH, LH and FSH), but the beta subunit is unique and confers its biological specificity.	ICSH (Interstitial Cell Stimulating Hormone),Interstitial Cell-Stimulating Hormone,LH (Luteinizing Hormone),Lutropin,Luteoziman,Luteozyman,Hormone, Interstitial Cell-Stimulating,Hormone, Luteinizing,Interstitial Cell Stimulating Hormone
D008598	Menstruation	The periodic shedding of the ENDOMETRIUM and associated menstrual bleeding in the MENSTRUAL CYCLE of humans and primates. Menstruation is due to the decline in circulating PROGESTERONE, and occurs at the late LUTEAL PHASE when LUTEOLYSIS of the CORPUS LUTEUM takes place.
D011247	Pregnancy	The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.	Gestation,Pregnancies
D011374	Progesterone	The major progestational steroid that is secreted primarily by the CORPUS LUTEUM and the PLACENTA. Progesterone acts on the UTERUS, the MAMMARY GLANDS and the BRAIN. It is required in EMBRYO IMPLANTATION; PREGNANCY maintenance, and the development of mammary tissue for MILK production. Progesterone, converted from PREGNENOLONE, also serves as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of GONADAL STEROID HORMONES and adrenal CORTICOSTEROIDS.	Pregnenedione,Progesterone, (13 alpha,17 alpha)-(+-)-Isomer,Progesterone, (17 alpha)-Isomer,Progesterone, (9 beta,10 alpha)-Isomer
D003276	Contraceptives, Oral	Compounds, usually hormonal, taken orally in order to block ovulation and prevent the occurrence of pregnancy. The hormones are generally estrogen or progesterone or both.	Low-Dose Oral Contraceptive,Oral Contraceptive,Oral Contraceptives,Oral Contraceptives, Low-Dose,Oral Contraceptives, Phasic,Contraceptive, Low-Dose Oral,Contraceptive, Oral,Contraceptives, Low-Dose Oral,Contraceptives, Phasic Oral,Low Dose Oral Contraceptive,Low-Dose Oral Contraceptives,Oral Contraceptive, Low-Dose,Oral Contraceptives, Low Dose,Phasic Oral Contraceptives
D003280	Contraceptives, Oral, Synthetic	Oral contraceptives which owe their effectiveness to synthetic preparations.
D004347	Drug Interactions	The action of a drug that may affect the activity, metabolism, or toxicity of another drug.	Drug Interaction,Interaction, Drug,Interactions, Drug
D004958	Estradiol	The 17-beta-isomer of estradiol, an aromatized C18 steroid with hydroxyl group at 3-beta- and 17-beta-position. Estradiol-17-beta is the most potent form of mammalian estrogenic steroids.	17 beta-Estradiol,Estradiol-17 beta,Oestradiol,17 beta-Oestradiol,Aerodiol,Delestrogen,Estrace,Estraderm TTS,Estradiol Anhydrous,Estradiol Hemihydrate,Estradiol Hemihydrate, (17 alpha)-Isomer,Estradiol Monohydrate,Estradiol Valerate,Estradiol Valeriante,Estradiol, (+-)-Isomer,Estradiol, (-)-Isomer,Estradiol, (16 alpha,17 alpha)-Isomer,Estradiol, (16 alpha,17 beta)-Isomer,Estradiol, (17-alpha)-Isomer,Estradiol, (8 alpha,17 beta)-(+-)-Isomer,Estradiol, (8 alpha,17 beta)-Isomer,Estradiol, (9 beta,17 alpha)-Isomer,Estradiol, (9 beta,17 beta)-Isomer,Estradiol, Monosodium Salt,Estradiol, Sodium Salt,Estradiol-17 alpha,Estradiol-17beta,Ovocyclin,Progynon-Depot,Progynova,Vivelle,17 beta Estradiol,17 beta Oestradiol,Estradiol 17 alpha,Estradiol 17 beta,Estradiol 17beta,Progynon Depot
D004997	Ethinyl Estradiol	A semisynthetic alkylated ESTRADIOL with a 17-alpha-ethinyl substitution. It has high estrogenic potency when administered orally, and is often used as the estrogenic component in ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES.	19-Norpregna-1,3,5(10)-trien-20-yne-3,17-diol, (17alpha)-,Ethynyl Estradiol,Estinyl,Ethinyl Estradiol Hemihydrate,Ethinyl Estradiol, (8 alpha)-Isomer,Ethinyl Estradiol, (8 alpha,17 alpha)-Isomer,Ethinyl Estradiol, (8 alpha,9 beta,13 alpha,14 beta)-Isomer,Ethinyl Estradiol, (9 beta,17 alpha)-Isomer,Ethinyl-Oestradiol Effik,Ethinylestradiol Jenapharm,Ethinyloestradiol,Lynoral,Microfollin,Microfollin Forte,Progynon C,Estradiol, Ethinyl,Estradiol, Ethynyl,Ethinyl Oestradiol Effik,Hemihydrate, Ethinyl Estradiol,Jenapharm, Ethinylestradiol
D005040	Ethynodiol Diacetate	A synthetic progestational hormone used alone or in combination with estrogens as an oral contraceptive (CONTRACEPTIVES, ORAL).	19-Norpregn-4-en-20-yne-3,17-diol, diacetate, (3beta,17alpha)-,(3 beta, 17 alpha)-19-Norpregn-4-en-20-yne-3,17 diol Diacetate,Continuin,Ethyndiol Diacetate,Ethynodiol Diacetate, (17 alpha)-Isomer,Femulen