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An afterloading procedure using iridium 192 seeds was developed for the control of both localized primary lesions that are difficult to remove and superficial residual lesions that remain after the partial removal of tumors in relatively inaccessible, deep-seated organs. This technique makes possible the delivery of a minimal radiation dose to lesions in deep-seated organs. Fewer complications result, the seeds can be adjusted at appropriate intervals in proportion to the amount of radioactivity desired, and radiation exposure to personnel can be reduced. This paper describes the techniques and apparatus used to place the seeds in the tubing. Primary lesions of the urinary bladder, the prostate gland, and the esophagus, residual lesions in the brain and lung, and metastases in intrapelvic lymph nodes were treated. No technical difficulties or complications were encountered. Radiation exposures to personnel were minimized. The results indicate that the procedure has practical applications.
T Kitagawa, and
M Kakehi, and
T Kunieda, and
I Tsukiyama, and
M Hamada, and
H Inakoshi, and
M Sakudo, and
K Suemasu, and
K Matsumoto, and
T Yoneyama, and
T Iizuka, and
K Nomura, and
K Kawachi
January 1968,
The American journal of roentgenology, radium therapy, and nuclear medicine,
T Kitagawa, and
M Kakehi, and
T Kunieda, and
I Tsukiyama, and
M Hamada, and
H Inakoshi, and
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K Suemasu, and
K Matsumoto, and
T Yoneyama, and
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K Nomura, and
K Kawachi
November 1985,
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T Kitagawa, and
M Kakehi, and
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K Suemasu, and
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T Yoneyama, and
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K Kawachi
July 1979,
The British journal of radiology,
T Kitagawa, and
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May 1950,
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T Kitagawa, and
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K Kawachi
July 1980,
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T Kitagawa, and
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T Kitagawa, and
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H Inakoshi, and
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K Suemasu, and
K Matsumoto, and
T Yoneyama, and
T Iizuka, and
K Nomura, and
K Kawachi
February 1995,
International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics,
