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Acute renal failure may be caused by multiple conditions including those which are due to some direct hemodynamic or nephrotoxic insult. In considering the pathophysiology of these entities, it seems appropriate to differentiate between the initiating and the maintenance phase of the disorder. In the former, renal ischemia and/or a direct effect of a given nephrotoxic agent seems to be the basis for the underlying renal damage. In the maintenance phase, renal functional impairment is maintained by a number of factors which include persistent renal vasoconstriction, tubular obstruction, a leakage of filtrate across damaged tubular epithelium, and a reduction in glomerular capillary permeability. The therapy and possible preventive aspects of these entities are discussed.
J H Stein, and
R V Patak, and
M D Lifschitz
November 2007,
Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946),
J H Stein, and
R V Patak, and
M D Lifschitz
September 1988,
Klinische Wochenschrift,
J H Stein, and
R V Patak, and
M D Lifschitz
April 1960,
Die Medizinische Welt,
J H Stein, and
R V Patak, and
M D Lifschitz
February 1957,
Giornale di clinica medica,
J H Stein, and
R V Patak, and
M D Lifschitz
January 1987,
Zeitschrift fur Kardiologie,
J H Stein, and
R V Patak, and
M D Lifschitz
July 1960,
Burma medical journal,
J H Stein, and
R V Patak, and
M D Lifschitz
December 1961,
Hippokrates,
J H Stein, and
R V Patak, and
M D Lifschitz
January 1977,
The Netherlands journal of medicine,
J H Stein, and
R V Patak, and
M D Lifschitz
September 1981,
The Journal of the Kansas Medical Society,
J H Stein, and
R V Patak, and
M D Lifschitz
February 1970,
Saishin igaku. Modern medicine,
