Biomaterial Database

Anticoccidial activity of arprinocid and halofuginone. 1981

T E McQuistion, and L R McDougald

Halofuginone and arprinocid, new anticoccidial drugs, were tested to determine the time of peak activity in the life cycle of Eimeria and whether they were coccidiocidal or coccidiostatic. Halofuginone was completely effective if medication was initiated by Day 3 postinoculation, but only partly effective if given on Days 4-7. Arprinocid was effective if given on Days 2-7 postinoculation, but only partly effective if given on Days 3-7. When medication was started on Day 0 and withdrawn on various subsequent days, good activity was recorded with halofuginone if the drug was given up to Day 1 postinoculation, but arprinocid required feeding up to Day 4 postinoculation. In other studies, medication was given until Days 6 or 7 postinoculation, then discontinued, to allow further development of coccidia that were arrested by the drug. With halofuginone, the oocyst passage was low with E. tenella and E. maxima but moderate with E. mivati. With arprinocid, oocyst passage was low with E. maxima and E. mivati but moderate with E tenella. These results suggest that halofuginone is active over a broader part of the life cycle than arprinocid, but both drugs had a predominantly coccidiocidal action.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D010880	Piperidines	A family of hexahydropyridines.
D011201	Poultry Diseases	Diseases of birds which are raised as a source of meat or eggs for human consumption and are usually found in barnyards, hatcheries, etc. The concept is differentiated from BIRD DISEASES which is for diseases of birds not considered poultry and usually found in zoos, parks, and the wild.	Disease, Poultry,Diseases, Poultry,Poultry Disease
D011799	Quinazolines	A group of aromatic heterocyclic compounds that contain a bicyclic structure with two fused six-membered aromatic rings, a benzene ring and a pyrimidine ring.	Quinazoline
D002645	Chickens	Common name for the species Gallus gallus, the domestic fowl, in the family Phasianidae, order GALLIFORMES. It is descended from the red jungle fowl of SOUTHEAST ASIA.	Gallus gallus,Gallus domesticus,Gallus gallus domesticus,Chicken
D003048	Coccidiosis	Protozoan infection found in animals and man. It is caused by several different genera of COCCIDIA.	Besnoitiasis,Besnoitiosis,Besnoitiases,Besnoitioses,Coccidioses
D003049	Coccidiostats	Agents useful in the treatment or prevention of COCCIDIOSIS in man or animals.	Anticoccidial Agents,Agents, Anticoccidial
D004539	Eimeria	A genus of protozoan parasites of the subclass COCCIDIA. Various species are parasitic in the epithelial cells of the liver and intestines of man and other animals.	Eimerias
D000225	Adenine	A purine base and a fundamental unit of ADENINE NUCLEOTIDES.	Vitamin B 4,4, Vitamin B,B 4, Vitamin
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013045	Species Specificity	The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.	Species Specificities,Specificities, Species,Specificity, Species