Thirteen patients with postinfarction ventricular septal defect and aneurysm of the left ventricle are discussed. Their ages ranged from 46 to 68 years. Six of them underwent operation in periods ranging from 22 days to 11 months, seven were given drug therapy. Six of these seven died from acute cardiac insufficiency or recurrent myocardial infarction in periods of 8 to 78 days; one patient died in 10 months. Five of the six patients who were operated on were discharged from the clinic in a satisfactory condition, one female patient died in the early postoperative period from acute left-ventricular insufficiency. Late survival (follow-up of 3 years) was 83%. The method for selecting the patients for operative treatment and the necessary volume of the intervention are specified.