A method is proposed of separating processes of current learning and long-term memory by a qualitative and quantitative analysis of erroneous movements performed by the animals during elaboration of one system of reflexes. The dynamics of changes in the number of some of the animal's movements in the process of learning was of a simple exponential nature and reflected the acquisition of new information. The dynamics of changes in the number of other movements was of a more complicated nature. They were classified as searching movements. The number of such movements which in the process of learning prove to be correct, at first decreases, and then increases. The number of searching movements which prove to be wrong, at first increases and then decreases. Analysis of dynamics of changes in the number of searching movements permits to determine the animal's appeal to long-term memory.