Biomaterial Database

[Central nervous system damage in alcoholism and its dietary treatment (author's transl)]. 1981

H Schomerus

Alcohol may lead to central nervous system damage through direct toxic action (intoxication and withdrawal). In addition fundamental dietary insufficiencies in the alcoholic may lead to nutritional disease of the CNS mainly through thiamin deficiency (Wernicke Korsakow syndrome). This syndrome may be aggravated by treatment with intravenous carbohydrates. It has been speculated that the rare syndrome of central pontine myelinolysis may be caused by intravenous administration of fluids in the presence of increased secretion of ADH during withdrawal. The differential diagnosis of changes in consciousness in an alcoholic also includes chronic subdural haematoma.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D001921	Brain	The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.	Encephalon
D001927	Brain Diseases	Pathologic conditions affecting the BRAIN, which is composed of the intracranial components of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. This includes (but is not limited to) the CEREBRAL CORTEX; intracranial white matter; BASAL GANGLIA; THALAMUS; HYPOTHALAMUS; BRAIN STEM; and CEREBELLUM.	Intracranial Central Nervous System Disorders,Brain Disorders,CNS Disorders, Intracranial,Central Nervous System Disorders, Intracranial,Central Nervous System Intracranial Disorders,Encephalon Diseases,Encephalopathy,Intracranial CNS Disorders,Brain Disease,Brain Disorder,CNS Disorder, Intracranial,Encephalon Disease,Encephalopathies,Intracranial CNS Disorder
D003937	Diagnosis, Differential	Determination of which one of two or more diseases or conditions a patient is suffering from by systematically comparing and contrasting results of diagnostic measures.	Diagnoses, Differential,Differential Diagnoses,Differential Diagnosis
D006408	Hematoma, Subdural	Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE between the DURA MATER and the arachnoidal layer of the MENINGES. This condition primarily occurs over the surface of a CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE, but may develop in the spinal canal (HEMATOMA, SUBDURAL, SPINAL). Subdural hematoma can be classified as the acute or the chronic form, with immediate or delayed symptom onset, respectively. Symptoms may include loss of consciousness, severe HEADACHE, and deteriorating mental status.	Hemorrhage, Subdural,Subdural Hematoma,Subdural Hematoma, Traumatic,Hematoma, Traumatic Subdural,Hematomas, Subdural,Hematomas, Traumatic Subdural,Hemorrhages, Subdural,Subdural Hematomas,Subdural Hematomas, Traumatic,Subdural Hemorrhage,Subdural Hemorrhages,Traumatic Subdural Hematoma,Traumatic Subdural Hematomas
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000430	Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium	An acute organic mental disorder induced by cessation or reduction in chronic alcohol consumption. Clinical characteristics include CONFUSION; DELUSIONS; vivid HALLUCINATIONS; TREMOR; agitation; insomnia; and signs of autonomic hyperactivity (e.g., elevated blood pressure and heart rate, dilated pupils, and diaphoresis). This condition may occasionally be fatal. It was formerly called delirium tremens. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1175)	Alcohol Withdrawal Hallucinosis,Autonomic Hyperactivity, Alcohol Withdrawal Associated,Delirium Tremens,Alcohol Withdrawal Associated Autonomic Hyperactivity,Alcohol Withdrawal-Induced Delirium Tremens,Delirium Tremens, Alcohol Withdrawal Induced,Alcohol Withdrawal Induced Delirium Tremens,Delirium, Alcohol Withdrawal,Hallucinosis, Alcohol Withdrawal
D000437	Alcoholism	A primary, chronic disease with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors influencing its development and manifestations. The disease is often progressive and fatal. It is characterized by impaired control over drinking, preoccupation with the drug alcohol, use of alcohol despite adverse consequences, and distortions in thinking, most notably denial. Each of these symptoms may be continuous or periodic. (Morse & Flavin for the Joint Commission of the National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence and the American Society of Addiction Medicine to Study the Definition and Criteria for the Diagnosis of Alcoholism: in JAMA 1992;268:1012-4)	Alcohol Abuse,Alcoholic Intoxication, Chronic,Ethanol Abuse,Alcohol Addiction,Alcohol Dependence,Alcohol Use Disorder,Abuse, Alcohol,Abuse, Ethanol,Addiction, Alcohol,Alcohol Use Disorders,Chronic Alcoholic Intoxication,Dependence, Alcohol,Intoxication, Chronic Alcoholic,Use Disorders, Alcohol
D013832	Thiamine Deficiency	A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of THIAMINE in the diet, characterized by anorexia, irritability, and weight loss. Later, patients experience weakness, peripheral neuropathy, headache, and tachycardia. In addition to being caused by a poor diet, thiamine deficiency in the United States most commonly occurs as a result of alcoholism, since ethanol interferes with thiamine absorption. In countries relying on polished rice as a dietary staple, BERIBERI prevalence is very high. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1171)	Deficiency, Thiamine,Deficiencies, Thiamine,Thiamine Deficiencies