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Differential diagnosis of intrasellar tumors by computed tomography. 1981

D L Daniels, and A L Williams, and R S Thornton, and G A Meyer, and J F Cusick, and V M Haughton

The specificity of the computed tomography (CT) diagnosis of intrasellar adenoma has not been studied. We compared the CT findings in intrasellar meningiomas, craniopharyngiomas, aneurysms, and metastases with those of pituitary adenomas. Calcification was a features of intrasellar meningiomas, aneurysms, and craniopharyngioma,s but not a typical feature of adenomas. Low-density regions representing necrosis or cyst were found in most types of intrasellar tumors. Eccentricity, hyperostosis, and bone destruction were useful signs of aneurysm, meningioma, and metastasis, respectively. Since adenoma cannot always be distinguished from another intrasellar mass, angiography to demonstrate tumor angioarchitecture may be needed to characterize some neoplasms or to confirm an intrasellar aneurysm.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008577 Meningeal Neoplasms Benign and malignant neoplastic processes that arise from or secondarily involve the meningeal coverings of the brain and spinal cord. Intracranial Meningeal Neoplasms,Spinal Meningeal Neoplasms,Benign Meningeal Neoplasms,Leptomeningeal Neoplasms,Malignant Meningeal Neoplasms,Meningeal Cancer,Meningeal Neoplasms, Benign,Meningeal Neoplasms, Intracranial,Meningeal Neoplasms, Malignant,Meningeal Tumors,Neoplasms, Leptomeningeal,Neoplasms, Meningeal,Benign Meningeal Neoplasm,Cancer, Meningeal,Cancers, Meningeal,Intracranial Meningeal Neoplasm,Leptomeningeal Neoplasm,Malignant Meningeal Neoplasm,Meningeal Cancers,Meningeal Neoplasm,Meningeal Neoplasm, Benign,Meningeal Neoplasm, Intracranial,Meningeal Neoplasm, Malignant,Meningeal Neoplasm, Spinal,Meningeal Neoplasms, Spinal,Meningeal Tumor,Neoplasm, Benign Meningeal,Neoplasm, Intracranial Meningeal,Neoplasm, Leptomeningeal,Neoplasm, Malignant Meningeal,Neoplasm, Meningeal,Neoplasm, Spinal Meningeal,Neoplasms, Benign Meningeal,Neoplasms, Intracranial Meningeal,Neoplasms, Malignant Meningeal,Neoplasms, Spinal Meningeal,Spinal Meningeal Neoplasm,Tumor, Meningeal,Tumors, Meningeal
D008579 Meningioma A relatively common neoplasm of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that arises from arachnoidal cells. The majority are well differentiated vascular tumors which grow slowly and have a low potential to be invasive, although malignant subtypes occur. Meningiomas have a predilection to arise from the parasagittal region, cerebral convexity, sphenoidal ridge, olfactory groove, and SPINAL CANAL. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2056-7) Benign Meningioma,Malignant Meningioma,Meningiomas, Multiple,Meningiomatosis,Angioblastic Meningioma,Angiomatous Meningioma,Cerebral Convexity Meningioma,Clear Cell Meningioma,Fibrous Meningioma,Hemangioblastic Meningioma,Hemangiopericytic Meningioma,Intracranial Meningioma,Intraorbital Meningioma,Intraventricular Meningioma,Meningotheliomatous Meningioma,Microcystic Meningioma,Olfactory Groove Meningioma,Papillary Meningioma,Parasagittal Meningioma,Posterior Fossa Meningioma,Psammomatous Meningioma,Secretory Meningioma,Sphenoid Wing Meningioma,Spinal Meningioma,Transitional Meningioma,Xanthomatous Meningioma,Angioblastic Meningiomas,Angiomatous Meningiomas,Benign Meningiomas,Cerebral Convexity Meningiomas,Clear Cell Meningiomas,Convexity Meningioma, Cerebral,Convexity Meningiomas, Cerebral,Fibrous Meningiomas,Groove Meningiomas, Olfactory,Hemangioblastic Meningiomas,Hemangiopericytic Meningiomas,Intracranial Meningiomas,Intraorbital Meningiomas,Intraventricular Meningiomas,Malignant Meningiomas,Meningioma, Angioblastic,Meningioma, Angiomatous,Meningioma, Benign,Meningioma, Cerebral Convexity,Meningioma, Clear Cell,Meningioma, Fibrous,Meningioma, Hemangioblastic,Meningioma, Hemangiopericytic,Meningioma, Intracranial,Meningioma, Intraorbital,Meningioma, Intraventricular,Meningioma, Malignant,Meningioma, Meningotheliomatous,Meningioma, Microcystic,Meningioma, Multiple,Meningioma, Olfactory Groove,Meningioma, Papillary,Meningioma, Parasagittal,Meningioma, Posterior Fossa,Meningioma, Psammomatous,Meningioma, Secretory,Meningioma, Sphenoid Wing,Meningioma, Spinal,Meningioma, Transitional,Meningioma, Xanthomatous,Meningiomas,Meningiomas, Angioblastic,Meningiomas, Angiomatous,Meningiomas, Benign,Meningiomas, Cerebral Convexity,Meningiomas, Clear Cell,Meningiomas, Fibrous,Meningiomas, Hemangioblastic,Meningiomas, Hemangiopericytic,Meningiomas, Intracranial,Meningiomas, Intraorbital,Meningiomas, Intraventricular,Meningiomas, Malignant,Meningiomas, Meningotheliomatous,Meningiomas, Microcystic,Meningiomas, Olfactory Groove,Meningiomas, Papillary,Meningiomas, Parasagittal,Meningiomas, Posterior Fossa,Meningiomas, Psammomatous,Meningiomas, Secretory,Meningiomas, Sphenoid Wing,Meningiomas, Spinal,Meningiomas, Transitional,Meningiomas, Xanthomatous,Meningiomatoses,Meningotheliomatous Meningiomas,Microcystic Meningiomas,Multiple Meningioma,Multiple Meningiomas,Olfactory Groove Meningiomas,Papillary Meningiomas,Parasagittal Meningiomas,Posterior Fossa Meningiomas,Psammomatous Meningiomas,Secretory Meningiomas,Sphenoid Wing Meningiomas,Spinal Meningiomas,Transitional Meningiomas,Wing Meningioma, Sphenoid,Wing Meningiomas, Sphenoid,Xanthomatous Meningiomas
D009362 Neoplasm Metastasis The transfer of a neoplasm from one organ or part of the body to another remote from the primary site. Metastase,Metastasis,Metastases, Neoplasm,Metastasis, Neoplasm,Neoplasm Metastases,Metastases
D010911 Pituitary Neoplasms Neoplasms which arise from or metastasize to the PITUITARY GLAND. The majority of pituitary neoplasms are adenomas, which are divided into non-secreting and secreting forms. Hormone producing forms are further classified by the type of hormone they secrete. Pituitary adenomas may also be characterized by their staining properties (see ADENOMA, BASOPHIL; ADENOMA, ACIDOPHIL; and ADENOMA, CHROMOPHOBE). Pituitary tumors may compress adjacent structures, including the HYPOTHALAMUS, several CRANIAL NERVES, and the OPTIC CHIASM. Chiasmal compression may result in bitemporal HEMIANOPSIA. Pituitary Cancer,Cancer of Pituitary,Cancer of the Pituitary,Pituitary Adenoma,Pituitary Carcinoma,Pituitary Tumors,Adenoma, Pituitary,Adenomas, Pituitary,Cancer, Pituitary,Cancers, Pituitary,Carcinoma, Pituitary,Carcinomas, Pituitary,Neoplasm, Pituitary,Neoplasms, Pituitary,Pituitary Adenomas,Pituitary Cancers,Pituitary Carcinomas,Pituitary Neoplasm,Pituitary Tumor,Tumor, Pituitary,Tumors, Pituitary
D011859 Radiography Examination of any part of the body for diagnostic purposes by means of X-RAYS or GAMMA RAYS, recording the image on a sensitized surface (such as photographic film). Radiology, Diagnostic X-Ray,Roentgenography,X-Ray, Diagnostic,Diagnostic X-Ray,Diagnostic X-Ray Radiology,X-Ray Radiology, Diagnostic,Diagnostic X Ray,Diagnostic X Ray Radiology,Diagnostic X-Rays,Radiology, Diagnostic X Ray,X Ray Radiology, Diagnostic,X Ray, Diagnostic,X-Rays, Diagnostic
D002532 Intracranial Aneurysm Abnormal outpouching in the wall of intracranial blood vessels. Most common are the saccular (berry) aneurysms located at branch points in CIRCLE OF WILLIS at the base of the brain. Vessel rupture results in SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Giant aneurysms (>2.5 cm in diameter) may compress adjacent structures, including the OCULOMOTOR NERVE. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p841) Aneurysm, Cerebral,Aneurysm, Intracranial,Basilar Artery Aneurysm,Berry Aneurysm,Brain Aneurysm,Cerebral Aneurysm,Giant Intracranial Aneurysm,Mycotic Aneurysm, Intracranial,Aneurysm, Anterior Cerebral Artery,Aneurysm, Anterior Communicating Artery,Aneurysm, Basilar Artery,Aneurysm, Middle Cerebral Artery,Aneurysm, Posterior Cerebral Artery,Aneurysm, Posterior Communicating Artery,Anterior Cerebral Artery Aneurysm,Anterior Communicating Artery Aneurysm,Middle Cerebral Artery Aneurysm,Posterior Cerebral Artery Aneurysm,Posterior Communicating Artery Aneurysm,Aneurysm, Berry,Aneurysm, Brain,Aneurysm, Giant Intracranial,Aneurysm, Intracranial Mycotic,Aneurysms, Basilar Artery,Aneurysms, Berry,Aneurysms, Brain,Aneurysms, Cerebral,Aneurysms, Giant Intracranial,Aneurysms, Intracranial,Aneurysms, Intracranial Mycotic,Artery Aneurysm, Basilar,Artery Aneurysms, Basilar,Basilar Artery Aneurysms,Berry Aneurysms,Brain Aneurysms,Cerebral Aneurysms,Giant Intracranial Aneurysms,Intracranial Aneurysm, Giant,Intracranial Aneurysms,Intracranial Aneurysms, Giant,Intracranial Mycotic Aneurysm,Intracranial Mycotic Aneurysms,Mycotic Aneurysms, Intracranial
D003397 Craniopharyngioma A benign pituitary-region neoplasm that originates from Rathke's pouch. The two major histologic and clinical subtypes are adamantinous (or classical) craniopharyngioma and papillary craniopharyngioma. The adamantinous form presents in children and adolescents as an expanding cystic lesion in the pituitary region. The cystic cavity is filled with a black viscous substance and histologically the tumor is composed of adamantinomatous epithelium and areas of calcification and necrosis. Papillary craniopharyngiomas occur in adults, and histologically feature a squamous epithelium with papillations. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1998, Ch14, p50) Craniopharyngioma, Adamantinous,Craniopharyngioma, Papillary,Rathke Pouch Tumor,Craniopharyngioma, Adult,Craniopharyngioma, Child,Neoplasm, Rathke Cleft,Neoplasm, Rathke's Cleft,Rathke Cleft Neoplasm,Rathke's Cleft Neoplasm,Rathke's Pouch Tumor,Adamantinous Craniopharyngioma,Adamantinous Craniopharyngiomas,Adult Craniopharyngioma,Adult Craniopharyngiomas,Child Craniopharyngioma,Child Craniopharyngiomas,Craniopharyngiomas,Craniopharyngiomas, Adamantinous,Craniopharyngiomas, Adult,Craniopharyngiomas, Child,Craniopharyngiomas, Papillary,Neoplasm, Rathkes Cleft,Papillary Craniopharyngioma,Papillary Craniopharyngiomas,Rathkes Cleft Neoplasm,Rathkes Pouch Tumor,Tumor, Rathke Pouch,Tumor, Rathke's Pouch
D003937 Diagnosis, Differential Determination of which one of two or more diseases or conditions a patient is suffering from by systematically comparing and contrasting results of diagnostic measures. Diagnoses, Differential,Differential Diagnoses,Differential Diagnosis
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000236 Adenoma A benign epithelial tumor with a glandular organization. Adenoma, Basal Cell,Adenoma, Follicular,Adenoma, Microcystic,Adenoma, Monomorphic,Adenoma, Papillary,Adenoma, Trabecular,Adenomas,Adenomas, Basal Cell,Adenomas, Follicular,Adenomas, Microcystic,Adenomas, Monomorphic,Adenomas, Papillary,Adenomas, Trabecular,Basal Cell Adenoma,Basal Cell Adenomas,Follicular Adenoma,Follicular Adenomas,Microcystic Adenoma,Microcystic Adenomas,Monomorphic Adenoma,Monomorphic Adenomas,Papillary Adenoma,Papillary Adenomas,Trabecular Adenoma,Trabecular Adenomas

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