Biomaterial Database

Pharmacokinetic analysis of intravenously and orally administered quinidine in cows. 1981

S M McGuirk, and W W Muir, and R A Sams

Seven healthy adult cows weighing between 550 and 750 kg were administered quinidine gluconate (5 mg/kg) IV and quinidine sulfate (15,84 mg/kg) orally to determine pharmacokinetic values. The apparent volume of distribution was 3.80 +/- 2.21 L/kg. Total body clearance was 19.0 +/- 7.02 ml/min/kg and plasma half-life was 2.25 +/- 0.68 hours. The systemic availability of quinidine sulfate after oral administration of a 20 mg/kg dose was 23.3 +/- 16.3%. The mean peak plasma concentration reached in 7 cows after oral administration of quinidine sulfate was 0.26 micrograms/ml. The peak plasma quinidine concentration was reached in an average of 41 minutes after oral administration. The average plasma quinidine concentration 5 minutes after IV administration of quinidine gluconate was 27.5 +/- 22.1 micrograms/ml. At this time, some of the cows showed signs of quinidine toxicosis. The application of pharmacokinetic determinations to the clinical use of quinidine in cows is discussed.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007275	Injections, Intravenous	Injections made into a vein for therapeutic or experimental purposes.	Intravenous Injections,Injection, Intravenous,Intravenous Injection
D007700	Kinetics	The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
D011802	Quinidine	An optical isomer of quinine, extracted from the bark of the CHINCHONA tree and similar plant species. This alkaloid dampens the excitability of cardiac and skeletal muscles by blocking sodium and potassium currents across cellular membranes. It prolongs cellular ACTION POTENTIALS, and decreases automaticity. Quinidine also blocks muscarinic and alpha-adrenergic neurotransmission.	Adaquin,Apo-Quinidine,Chinidin,Quincardine,Quinidex,Quinidine Sulfate,Quinora,Apo Quinidine,Sulfate, Quinidine
D002417	Cattle	Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.	Beef Cow,Bos grunniens,Bos indicus,Bos indicus Cattle,Bos taurus,Cow,Cow, Domestic,Dairy Cow,Holstein Cow,Indicine Cattle,Taurine Cattle,Taurus Cattle,Yak,Zebu,Beef Cows,Bos indicus Cattles,Cattle, Bos indicus,Cattle, Indicine,Cattle, Taurine,Cattle, Taurus,Cattles, Bos indicus,Cattles, Indicine,Cattles, Taurine,Cattles, Taurus,Cow, Beef,Cow, Dairy,Cow, Holstein,Cows,Dairy Cows,Domestic Cow,Domestic Cows,Indicine Cattles,Taurine Cattles,Taurus Cattles,Yaks,Zebus
D005260	Female		Females
D006207	Half-Life	The time it takes for a substance (drug, radioactive nuclide, or other) to lose half of its pharmacologic, physiologic, or radiologic activity.	Halflife,Half Life,Half-Lifes,Halflifes
D000284	Administration, Oral	The giving of drugs, chemicals, or other substances by mouth.	Drug Administration, Oral,Administration, Oral Drug,Oral Administration,Oral Drug Administration,Administrations, Oral,Administrations, Oral Drug,Drug Administrations, Oral,Oral Administrations,Oral Drug Administrations
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia