Morphometric and histochemical investigations have been performed in epithelium of the fallopian tubes in 108 women operated on various gynecological diseases. Among them the following groups have been detected: with a constant menstrual cycle, uterine pregnancy, chronic estrogenia, menopause and a prolonged age menopause. The data obtained demonstrate that the height of the epithelial covering, part the relative amount of the cilial cells and contents of glycogen and lipids in their cytoplasm depend on the character of the ovarian hormonal activity. During the folliculin phase of the menstrual cycle, a certain proliferation of the cilial cells and accumulation of glycogen (in the fimbrial part) and lipids (in the ampullar part) of their cytoplasm is noted. At a chronic estrogenic stimulation, this process can turn into a glandulo-papillary epithelial hyperplasia of the endosalpinx. Administration of yellow body hormones during the lutein phase of the menstrual cycle produces focal desquamation of the cilial epithelium, which acquires a diffuse character in the fallopian tubes of pregnant women and is accompanied with a decreased amount of glycogen in cytoplasm of epitheliocytes and release of lipids into the oviductal lumen.