Neuropathological study of 3 patients dying from bismuth encephalopathy showed the absence of specific lesions and the probably secondary nature of the abnormalities found. Multiple samples taken from various areas of the brain were used for the purpose of the analysis of the topographical distribution of bismuth. Levels were invariably very high and to toxic agent diffusely distributed. The concentration was nevertheless higher in the grey matter than in the white matter. They hypothesis of a liposoluble compound which would explain the affinity of bismuth for cerebral tissue is probable.