Biomaterial Database

Glycohydrolases and lysosomal stability in adjuvant induced arthritis. 1980

R Arumugham, and S M Bose

Adjuvant induced arthritis in rats was studied by the changes in serum and urinary protein-bound carbohydrate metabolites, changes in serum and tissue lysosomal glycohydrolases and lysosomal fragility. From the second week onwards the urinary excretion of hexosamine and uronic acid is increased. Serum levels of protein bound hexose, hexosamine, sialic acid and fucose are increased significantly in both the acute and chronic phases of the disease. There is no change in the total activity of lysosomal glycohydrolases, viz., beta-glucuronidase, beta-N-acetyl glucosaminidase and cathepsin D in the tissues of liver, kidney and spleen except that of liver enzymes in the chronic phase which are elevated significantly. The free activities of lysosomal glycohydrolases investigated, viz., beta-glucuronidase, beta-N-acetyl glucosaminidase, beta-galactosidase, alpha-mannosidase and cathepsin D are increased in liver and spleen in the acute phase. The free activities of beta-glucuronidase, beta-N-acetyl glucosaminidase and cathepsin D of kidney showed no change whereas those of beta-galactosidase and alpha-mannosidase are increased. In the chronic phase of the disease the free activities of all glycohydrolases are significantly increased in all tissues. Serum glycohydrolases are significantly increased in both acute and chronic phases. Studies on lysosomal preparations showed increased fragility of lysosomes derived from liver and kidney of arthritic rats in both phases of the disease.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007668	Kidney	Body organ that filters blood for the secretion of URINE and that regulates ion concentrations.	Kidneys
D008099	Liver	A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.	Livers
D008247	Lysosomes	A class of morphologically heterogeneous cytoplasmic particles in animal and plant tissues characterized by their content of hydrolytic enzymes and the structure-linked latency of these enzymes. The intracellular functions of lysosomes depend on their lytic potential. The single unit membrane of the lysosome acts as a barrier between the enzymes enclosed in the lysosome and the external substrate. The activity of the enzymes contained in lysosomes is limited or nil unless the vesicle in which they are enclosed is ruptured or undergoes MEMBRANE FUSION. (From Rieger et al., Glossary of Genetics: Classical and Molecular, 5th ed).	Autolysosome,Autolysosomes,Lysosome
D008297	Male		Males
D001786	Blood Glucose	Glucose in blood.	Blood Sugar,Glucose, Blood,Sugar, Blood
D002402	Cathepsin D	An intracellular proteinase found in a variety of tissue. It has specificity similar to but narrower than that of pepsin A. The enzyme is involved in catabolism of cartilage and connective tissue. EC 3.4.23.5. (Formerly EC 3.4.4.23).
D002403	Cathepsins	A group of lysosomal proteinases or endopeptidases found in aqueous extracts of a variety of animal tissues. They function optimally within an acidic pH range. The cathepsins occur as a variety of enzyme subtypes including SERINE PROTEASES; ASPARTIC PROTEINASES; and CYSTEINE PROTEASES.	Cathepsin
D005643	Fucose	A six-member ring deoxysugar with the chemical formula C6H12O5. It lacks a hydroxyl group on the carbon at position 6 of the molecule.	Deoxygalactose,alpha-Fucose,alpha Fucose
D005966	Glucuronidase		Endo-beta-D-Glucuronidase,Endoglucuronidase,Exo-beta-D-Glucuronidase,beta-Glucuronidase,Endo beta D Glucuronidase,Exo beta D Glucuronidase,beta Glucuronidase
D006595	Hexosamines	AMINO SUGARS created by adding an amine group to a hexose sugar.	Hexosamine