Biomaterial Database

Factors affecting the binding of chick oviduct progesterone receptor to deoxyribonucleic acid: evidence that deoxyribonucleic acid alone is not the nuclear acceptor site. 1980

C L Thrall, and T C Spelsberg

Studies on the interaction of the chick oviduct progesterone-receptor complex (P-R) with various nuclear components revealed a variable, nonsaturable binding of P-R to pure deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). In contrast, a receptor-dependent, saturable, high level of binding of P-R was observed with a nonhistone protein-DNA complex called nucleoacidic protein (NAP). Three categories of factors were identified which affected the binding of P-R to the DNA. These were (1) the conditions of the binding assay, (2) the properties of the receptor, and (3) the state of the DNA. The conditions in the binding assay which affect DNA binding are the choice of the blanks, the salt concentration, and the pH of the assay. The receptor preparations display their own characteristic levels of binding to native DNA. The basis of this DNA binding capacity by each preparation is unknown. Lastly, the purity and the integrity of the DNA itself determine the level of binding of the P-R. Protein impurities, moderate degradation of the DNA by enzymatic or physical fragmentation, and ultraviolet (UV) light treatment greatly enhance the receptor binding to the DNA. The extent of binding to DNA depends on the degree of damage. Interestingly, totally denatured (single-stranded) DNA displays little or no binding of the P-R. Seasonal differences which are observed for the binding of P-R to chromatin in vivo and in vitro and to NAP in vitro do not occur with DNA whether it is undamaged or damaged. It is concluded from these studies that under controlled conditions and by using DNA preparations as native as possible, minimal binding of P-R to pure DNA occurs. The numerous reports in the literature describing marked binding of the steroid-receptor complex to DNA may well be due to conditions described in this paper. Further, it is concluded that native or partially degraded DNA alone does not appear to represent the native nuclear acceptor sites for the chick oviduct P-R. In contrast, the DNA-nonhistone protein (acceptor protein) complexes do show characteristics of the native-like acceptor sites.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007700	Kinetics	The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
D008836	Micrococcal Nuclease	An enzyme that catalyzes the endonucleolytic cleavage to 3'-phosphomononucleotide and 3'-phospholigonucleotide end-products. It can cause hydrolysis of double- or single-stranded DNA or RNA. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 3.1.31.1.	Staphylococcal Nuclease,TNase,Thermonuclease,Thermostable Nuclease,Nuclease, Micrococcal,Nuclease, Staphylococcal,Nuclease, Thermostable
D010057	Oviducts	Ducts that serve exclusively for the passage of eggs from the ovaries to the exterior of the body. In non-mammals, they are termed oviducts. In mammals, they are highly specialized and known as FALLOPIAN TUBES.	Oviduct
D010179	Pancreas	A nodular organ in the ABDOMEN that contains a mixture of ENDOCRINE GLANDS and EXOCRINE GLANDS. The small endocrine portion consists of the ISLETS OF LANGERHANS secreting a number of hormones into the blood stream. The large exocrine portion (EXOCRINE PANCREAS) is a compound acinar gland that secretes several digestive enzymes into the pancreatic ductal system that empties into the DUODENUM.
D011485	Protein Binding	The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.	Plasma Protein Binding Capacity,Binding, Protein
D011980	Receptors, Progesterone	Specific proteins found in or on cells of progesterone target tissues that specifically combine with progesterone. The cytosol progesterone-receptor complex then associates with the nucleic acids to initiate protein synthesis. There are two kinds of progesterone receptors, A and B. Both are induced by estrogen and have short half-lives.	Progesterone Receptors,Progestin Receptor,Progestin Receptors,Receptor, Progesterone,Receptors, Progestin,Progesterone Receptor,Receptor, Progestin
D002467	Cell Nucleus	Within a eukaryotic cell, a membrane-limited body which contains chromosomes and one or more nucleoli (CELL NUCLEOLUS). The nuclear membrane consists of a double unit-type membrane which is perforated by a number of pores; the outermost membrane is continuous with the ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM. A cell may contain more than one nucleus. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)	Cell Nuclei,Nuclei, Cell,Nucleus, Cell
D002645	Chickens	Common name for the species Gallus gallus, the domestic fowl, in the family Phasianidae, order GALLIFORMES. It is descended from the red jungle fowl of SOUTHEAST ASIA.	Gallus gallus,Gallus domesticus,Gallus gallus domesticus,Chicken
D002846	Chromatography, Affinity	A chromatographic technique that utilizes the ability of biological molecules, often ANTIBODIES, to bind to certain ligands specifically and reversibly. It is used in protein biochemistry. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)	Chromatography, Bioaffinity,Immunochromatography,Affinity Chromatography,Bioaffinity Chromatography
D003851	Deoxyribonucleases	Enzymes which catalyze the hydrolases of ester bonds within DNA. EC 3.1.-.	DNAase,DNase,Deoxyribonuclease,Desoxyribonuclease,Desoxyribonucleases,Nucleases, DNA,Acid DNase,Alkaline DNase,DNA Nucleases,DNase, Acid,DNase, Alkaline