Biomaterial Database

Ketone body transport in renal brush border membrane vesicles. 1980

M L Garcia, and J Benavides, and F Valdivieso

Ketone body uptake by renal brush border vesicles has been investigated. Ketone bodies enter into the brush border vesicles by a carrier-mediated process. The uptake is dependent on an Na+ gradient ([Na+]outside>[Na+]inside) and is electroneutral. The uptake is transport into an osmotically active space and not a binding artifact as indicated by the effect of increasing the medium osmolarity. A pH gradient (alkaline inside) also stimulates the ketone body uptake. Acetoacetate and 3-hydroxybutyrate share the same carrier as demonstrated by the accelerated exchange diffusion and mutual inhibitory effects.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007476	Ionophores	Chemical agents that increase the permeability of biological or artificial lipid membranes to specific ions. Most ionophores are relatively small organic molecules that act as mobile carriers within membranes or coalesce to form ion permeable channels across membranes. Many are antibiotics, and many act as uncoupling agents by short-circuiting the proton gradient across mitochondrial membranes.	Ionophore
D007657	Ketone Bodies	The metabolic substances ACETONE; 3-HYDROXYBUTYRIC ACID; and acetoacetic acid (ACETOACETATES). They are produced in the liver and kidney during FATTY ACIDS oxidation and used as a source of energy by the heart, muscle and brain.	Acetone Bodies,Bodies, Acetone,Bodies, Ketone
D007668	Kidney	Body organ that filters blood for the secretion of URINE and that regulates ion concentrations.	Kidneys
D007700	Kinetics	The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
D008297	Male		Males
D008871	Microvilli	Minute projections of cell membranes which greatly increase the surface area of the cell.	Brush Border,Striated Border,Border, Brush,Border, Striated,Borders, Brush,Borders, Striated,Brush Borders,Microvillus,Striated Borders
D009861	Onium Compounds	Ions with the suffix -onium, indicating cations with coordination number 4 of the type RxA+ which are analogous to QUATERNARY AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS (H4N+). Ions include phosphonium R4P+, oxonium R3O+, sulfonium R3S+, chloronium R2Cl+	Compounds, Onium
D009943	Organophosphorus Compounds	Organic compounds that contain phosphorus as an integral part of the molecule. Included under this heading is broad array of synthetic compounds that are used as PESTICIDES and DRUGS.	Organophosphorus Compound,Organopyrophosphorus Compound,Organopyrophosphorus Compounds,Compound, Organophosphorus,Compound, Organopyrophosphorus,Compounds, Organophosphorus,Compounds, Organopyrophosphorus
D002462	Cell Membrane	The lipid- and protein-containing, selectively permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.	Plasma Membrane,Cytoplasmic Membrane,Cell Membranes,Cytoplasmic Membranes,Membrane, Cell,Membrane, Cytoplasmic,Membrane, Plasma,Membranes, Cell,Membranes, Cytoplasmic,Membranes, Plasma,Plasma Membranes
D004058	Diffusion	The tendency of a gas or solute to pass from a point of higher pressure or concentration to a point of lower pressure or concentration and to distribute itself throughout the available space. Diffusion, especially FACILITATED DIFFUSION, is a major mechanism of BIOLOGICAL TRANSPORT.	Diffusions