Biomaterial Database

Induction of cleft palates: effects of triamcinolone acetonide on transcription in isolated nuclei. 1978

L Anne, and I Bekhor

The effect of triamcinolone acetonide on the transcriptional activity in nuclei isolated from maternal A/J mouse livers and embryonic maxillary processes (EMP) has been studied. Triamcinolone acetonide (TAC, 13 mg/kg body weight) was administered to A/J mice on day 12.5 of gestation, and the mice were sacrificed at different time periods following injection. We find a significant increase in transcription in liver nuclei, and a decrease in this activity in nuclei from embryonic maxillary processes in response to TAC at 16 to 20 hours following injection. With the drug alpha-amanitin we show that the effect of TAC on transcription in EMP cannot be due to fluctuations in the concentration of endogenous RNA polymerase B. This is further substantiated by studies on the transcription of EMP-nuclei in the presence of exogenous DNA template. Relative to controls, the data demonstrates that the concentrations of RNA polymerases A and B in EMP-nuclei remain unchanged in response to TAC. Conversely, stimulated liver nuclei result in significant increases in the concentrations of RNA polymerases A and B. We therefore propose that in embryonic maxillary processes TAC induces changes in the chromatin template which may interfere with normal development.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008099	Liver	A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.	Livers
D008431	Maternal-Fetal Exchange	Exchange of substances between the maternal blood and the fetal blood at the PLACENTA via PLACENTAL CIRCULATION. The placental barrier excludes microbial or viral transmission.	Transplacental Exposure,Exchange, Maternal-Fetal,Exposure, Transplacental,Maternal Fetal Exchange
D008437	Maxilla	One of a pair of irregularly shaped bones that form the upper jaw. A maxillary bone provides tooth sockets for the superior teeth, forms part of the ORBIT, and contains the MAXILLARY SINUS.	Maxillae,Maxillary Bone,Bone, Maxillary,Bones, Maxillary,Maxillary Bones,Maxillas
D008805	Mice, Inbred A	An inbred strain of mouse that is widely used in IMMUNOLOGY studies and cancer research.	Mouse, Inbred A,Inbred A Mice,Inbred A Mouse
D011247	Pregnancy	The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.	Gestation,Pregnancies
D002467	Cell Nucleus	Within a eukaryotic cell, a membrane-limited body which contains chromosomes and one or more nucleoli (CELL NUCLEOLUS). The nuclear membrane consists of a double unit-type membrane which is perforated by a number of pores; the outermost membrane is continuous with the ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM. A cell may contain more than one nucleus. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)	Cell Nuclei,Nuclei, Cell,Nucleus, Cell
D002972	Cleft Palate	Congenital fissure of the soft and/or hard palate, due to faulty fusion.	Cleft Palate, Isolated,Cleft Palates,Palate, Cleft,Palates, Cleft
D005260	Female		Females
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012321	DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases	Enzymes that catalyze DNA template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand one nucleotide at a time. They can initiate a chain de novo. In eukaryotes, three forms of the enzyme have been distinguished on the basis of sensitivity to alpha-amanitin, and the type of RNA synthesized. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992).	DNA-Dependent RNA Polymerases,RNA Polymerases,Transcriptases,DNA-Directed RNA Polymerase,RNA Polymerase,Transcriptase,DNA Dependent RNA Polymerases,DNA Directed RNA Polymerase,DNA Directed RNA Polymerases,Polymerase, DNA-Directed RNA,Polymerase, RNA,Polymerases, DNA-Dependent RNA,Polymerases, DNA-Directed RNA,Polymerases, RNA,RNA Polymerase, DNA-Directed,RNA Polymerases, DNA-Dependent,RNA Polymerases, DNA-Directed