The author analyzes the level and structure of morbidity of respiratory system diseases among the rural population, according to age--sex groups on the base of the data from routine statistics (1970-1978) and typological studies of general morbidity carried out in Sliven district (1977). The complex methodics applied allowed to study the morbidity according to repeated visits (registered) and that, established at the prophylactic screening (latent) of a representative sample of the population under observation. The results from that study revealed that the actual morbidity (registered according to visits and established with the complex medical screening) of the respiratory system diseases, among rural population is 625,7%. Morbidity among males is higher (664,2%) than that of females (570,3%). Highest is the morbidity among subjects over the age of 60 and among children (0-14 years).