Biomaterial Database

Glutathione and mercapturic acid conjugations in the metabolism of 2,4-dinitrobromobenzene. 1980

K C Chen, and H W Dorough

The formation of glutathione (GSH) conjugate in the detoxification of [Ring-UL-14C]-2,4-dinitrobromobenzene (DNBB) was investigated using rat liver cytosolic fraction. The mercapturic acid conjugate in rats was also studied by collection of urine of rats dosed with radioactive DNBB by intraperitoneal injection. The glutathione replaced the labile bromo atom and formed the conjugate, S-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)glutathione. The GSH conjugate was confirmed by amino acid analysis and by mass spectroscopy as well as co-cochromatography with the synthetic compound. The amount of formation of GSH conjugate was dependent on the amount of GSH added in the incubation mixture. When [Ring-UL-14C]-DNBB was dosed to rats, 69% and 17% of the radiocarbon was excreted via the urine and feces within 72 hours, respectively. The major radioactive metabolite present in the acid urine of DNBB treated was S-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)mercapturic acid accounting for 60% of the administered dose of radiocarbon. The mercapturic acid conjugate was identified similarly to methods used for identification of GSH conjugate. The data demonstrated that GSH conjugate, formed initially and then subsequently converted into the mercapturic acid excreted in the urine, was the major metabolic pathway in the metabolism of 2,4-dinitrobromobenzene.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009578	Nitrobenzenes	BENZENE derivatives carrying nitro group substituents.
D004136	Dinitrobenzenes	Benzene derivatives which are substituted with two nitro groups in the ortho, meta or para positions.	Dinitrobenzene,Dinitrophenyl Compound,Dinitrophenyl Compounds,Dinitrotoluene,Dinitrotoluenes,Compound, Dinitrophenyl
D005978	Glutathione	A tripeptide with many roles in cells. It conjugates to drugs to make them more soluble for excretion, is a cofactor for some enzymes, is involved in protein disulfide bond rearrangement and reduces peroxides.	Reduced Glutathione,gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys-Gly,gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-Cysteinylglycine,Glutathione, Reduced,gamma L Glu L Cys Gly,gamma L Glutamyl L Cysteinylglycine
D006868	Hydrolysis	The process of cleaving a chemical compound by the addition of a molecule of water.
D000111	Acetylcysteine	The N-acetyl derivative of CYSTEINE. It is used as a mucolytic agent to reduce the viscosity of mucous secretions. It has also been shown to have antiviral effects in patients with HIV due to inhibition of viral stimulation by reactive oxygen intermediates.	Mercapturic Acid,Acemuc,Acetabs,Acetylcystein AL,Acetylcystein Atid,Acetylcystein Heumann,Acetylcystein Trom,Acetylcysteine Hydrochloride,Acetylcysteine Sodium,Acetylcysteine Zinc,Acetylcysteine, (D)-Isomer,Acetylcysteine, (DL)-Isomer,Acetylcysteine, Monoammonium Salt,Acetylcysteine, Monosodium Salt,Acetylin,Acetyst,Acétylcystéine GNR,Airbron,Alveolex,Azubronchin,Bisolvon NAC,Bromuc,Broncho-Fips,Broncholysin,Broncoclar,Codotussyl,Cystamucil,Dampo Mucopect,Eurespiran,Exomuc,Fabrol,Fluimucil,Fluprowit,Frekatuss,Genac,Hoestil,Ilube,Jenacystein,Jenapharm,Lantamed,Larylin NAC,Lindocetyl,M-Pectil,Muciteran,Muco Sanigen,Mucomyst,Mucosil,Mucosol,Mucosolvin,N-Acetyl-L-cysteine,N-Acetylcysteine,NAC AL,NAC Zambon,Optipect Hustengetränk,Siccoral,Siran,Solmucol,acebraus,durabronchal,mentopin Acetylcystein,Acetylcystein, mentopin,Acid, Mercapturic,Broncho Fips,BronchoFips,Hustengetränk, Optipect,Hydrochloride, Acetylcysteine,M Pectil,MPectil,Monoammonium Salt Acetylcysteine,Monosodium Salt Acetylcysteine,Mucopect, Dampo,N Acetyl L cysteine,N Acetylcysteine,NAC, Bisolvon,Sanigen, Muco,Sodium, Acetylcysteine,Zambon, NAC,Zinc, Acetylcysteine
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D051381	Rats	The common name for the genus Rattus.	Rattus,Rats, Laboratory,Rats, Norway,Rattus norvegicus,Laboratory Rat,Laboratory Rats,Norway Rat,Norway Rats,Rat,Rat, Laboratory,Rat, Norway,norvegicus, Rattus