Trisomy 18 in an 11 year old girl. 1978

A Smith, and M Silink, and T Ruxton

A case of trisomy 18, confirmed by G banded chromosome analysis, is reported in an eleven year old Australian girl. There is no cytogenetic evidence of mosaicism in the propositus or her parents. The patient's salient clinical features are severe mental and motor retardation with microcephaly, kyphoscoliosis and various congenital anomalies. She has very mild congenital heart disease. She has been totally institutionalised and has required constant medical care. Comparison of her condition with other long-term survivors with trisomy 18 reported in the literature, and also considered to be non-mosaic, reveals many similar features. However, no pattern emerges as to why these rare patients have survived.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007738 Kyphosis Deformities of the SPINE characterized by an exaggerated convexity of the vertebral column. The forward bending of the thoracic region usually is more than 40 degrees. This deformity sometimes is called round back or hunchback. Hyperkyphosis,Hyperkyphoses,Kyphoses
D008607 Intellectual Disability Subnormal intellectual functioning which originates during the developmental period. This has multiple potential etiologies, including genetic defects and perinatal insults. Intelligence quotient (IQ) scores are commonly used to determine whether an individual has an intellectual disability. IQ scores between 70 and 79 are in the borderline range. Scores below 67 are in the disabled range. (from Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992, Ch55, p28) Disability, Intellectual,Idiocy,Mental Retardation,Retardation, Mental,Deficiency, Mental,Intellectual Development Disorder,Mental Deficiency,Mental Retardation, Psychosocial,Deficiencies, Mental,Development Disorder, Intellectual,Development Disorders, Intellectual,Disabilities, Intellectual,Disorder, Intellectual Development,Disorders, Intellectual Development,Intellectual Development Disorders,Intellectual Disabilities,Mental Deficiencies,Mental Retardations, Psychosocial,Psychosocial Mental Retardation,Psychosocial Mental Retardations,Retardation, Psychosocial Mental,Retardations, Psychosocial Mental
D008831 Microcephaly A congenital abnormality in which the CEREBRUM is underdeveloped, the fontanels close prematurely, and, as a result, the head is small. (Desk Reference for Neuroscience, 2nd ed.) Microlissencephaly,Severe Congenital Microcephaly,Congenital Microcephalies, Severe,Congenital Microcephaly, Severe,Microcephalies,Microcephalies, Severe Congenital,Microcephaly, Severe Congenital,Microlissencephalies,Severe Congenital Microcephalies
D002648 Child A person 6 to 12 years of age. An individual 2 to 5 years old is CHILD, PRESCHOOL. Children
D002869 Chromosome Aberrations Abnormal number or structure of chromosomes. Chromosome aberrations may result in CHROMOSOME DISORDERS. Autosome Abnormalities,Cytogenetic Aberrations,Abnormalities, Autosome,Abnormalities, Chromosomal,Abnormalities, Chromosome,Chromosomal Aberrations,Chromosome Abnormalities,Cytogenetic Abnormalities,Aberration, Chromosomal,Aberration, Chromosome,Aberration, Cytogenetic,Aberrations, Chromosomal,Aberrations, Chromosome,Aberrations, Cytogenetic,Abnormalities, Cytogenetic,Abnormality, Autosome,Abnormality, Chromosomal,Abnormality, Chromosome,Abnormality, Cytogenetic,Autosome Abnormality,Chromosomal Aberration,Chromosomal Abnormalities,Chromosomal Abnormality,Chromosome Aberration,Chromosome Abnormality,Cytogenetic Aberration,Cytogenetic Abnormality
D002902 Chromosomes, Human, 16-18 The short, submetacentric human chromosomes, called group E in the human chromosome classification. This group consists of chromosome pairs 16, 17, and 18. Chromosomes E,Group E Chromosomes,Chromosome, Group E,Chromosomes, Group E,E Chromosomes, Group,Group E Chromosome
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D012600 Scoliosis An appreciable lateral deviation in the normally straight vertical line of the spine. (Dorland, 27th ed) Scolioses
D013577 Syndrome A characteristic symptom complex. Symptom Cluster,Cluster, Symptom,Clusters, Symptom,Symptom Clusters,Syndromes

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