Biomaterial Database

Cortical hyperplasia of the adrenal gland in the dog. 1980

E C Appleby, and I Sohrabi-Haghdoost

A survey of the adrenal glands of 151 dogs revealed 33 cases of nodular cortical hyperplasia and six cases of diffuse cortical hyperplasia. The gross, microscopic and ultrastructural changes seen in these two forms of the condition are compared. Detailed measurements indicate that a morphometric study is of some value in establishing a post mortem diagnosis of hyperadrenocorticalism. Cell counts show that, despite differences revealed by histological examination, cellular hypertrophy may be in important feature in both nodular and diffuse 'hyperplasia'. Electron micrography suggests that the ultrastructural changes in nodular hyperplasia are of a degenerative nature while in diffuse hyperplasia the increased quantity of endoplasmic reticulum present and the appearance of the other organelles indicate hyperactivity. This correlates well with the clinical evidence of hyperadrenocorticalism seen in the latter condition.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D006965	Hyperplasia	An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ without tumor formation. It differs from HYPERTROPHY, which is an increase in bulk without an increase in the number of cells.	Hyperplasias
D008297	Male		Males
D008854	Microscopy, Electron	Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen.	Electron Microscopy
D004283	Dog Diseases	Diseases of the domestic dog (Canis familiaris). This term does not include diseases of wild dogs, WOLVES; FOXES; and other Canidae for which the heading CARNIVORA is used.	Canine Diseases,Canine Disease,Disease, Canine,Disease, Dog,Diseases, Canine,Diseases, Dog,Dog Disease
D004285	Dogs	The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)	Canis familiaris,Dog
D005260	Female		Females
D000302	Adrenal Cortex	The outer layer of the adrenal gland. It is derived from MESODERM and comprised of three zones (outer ZONA GLOMERULOSA, middle ZONA FASCICULATA, and inner ZONA RETICULARIS) with each producing various steroids preferentially, such as ALDOSTERONE; HYDROCORTISONE; DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE; and ANDROSTENEDIONE. Adrenal cortex function is regulated by pituitary ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN.	Cortex, Adrenal
D000308	Adrenocortical Hyperfunction	Excess production of ADRENAL CORTEX HORMONES such as ALDOSTERONE; HYDROCORTISONE; DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE; and/or ANDROSTENEDIONE. Hyperadrenal syndromes include CUSHING SYNDROME; HYPERALDOSTERONISM; and VIRILISM.	Hyperadrenocorticism,Hypercorticism,Adrenal Gland Hyperfunction,Hyperadrenalism,Hyperfunction, Adrenal Gland,Hyperfunction, Adrenocortical
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia