Biomaterial Database

Laboratory tests for ichthyosis. 1994

A S Paller

Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.

To summarize briefly, the suggested laboratory tests to diagnose the ichthyoses are listed below. Ichthyosis vulgaris: Skin biopsy if necessary. RXLI: Steroid sulfatase activity or levels of cholesterol sulfate. CIE/LI: Usually no laboratory test indicated. Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis: Skin biopsy; consider keratin gene studies. CHILD syndrome: Usually no laboratory tests needed; radiographic studies. Chondrodysplasia punctata: Usually no laboratory studies needed; radiographic studies. IBIDS: Hair shaft examination, including polarization. KID syndrome: Skin biopsy if necessary. Netherton's syndrome: Hair shaft examination. Neutral lipid storage disease: Check blood smear for vacuoles; skin biopsy (frozen). Refsum's disease: Plasma phytanic acid levels. Sjögren-Larsson syndrome: Assay of FAO activity.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007057	Ichthyosis	Any of several generalized skin disorders characterized by dryness, roughness, and scaliness, due to hypertrophy of the stratum corneum epidermis. Most are genetic, but some are acquired, developing in association with other systemic disease or genetic syndrome.	Xeroderma,Ichthyoses,Xerodermas
D012035	Refsum Disease	An autosomal recessive familial disorder that usually presents in childhood with POLYNEUROPATHY; SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS; ICHTHYOSIS; ATAXIA; RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA; and CARDIOMYOPATHIES. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1991, Ch37, p58-9; Rev Med Interne 1996;17(5):391-8) This condition can be caused by mutation in the genes encoding peroxisomal phytanoyl-CoA hydroxylase or proteins associated peroxisomal membrane, leading to impaired catabolism of PHYTANIC ACID in PEROXISOMES.	HMSN Type IV,Heredopathia Atactica Polyneuritiformis,Neuropathy, Hereditary Motor and Sensory, Type IV,Phytanic Acid Storage Disease,Adult Refsum Disease,Classic Refsum Disease,HMSN 4,HMSN IV,Hemeralopia Heredoataxia Polyneuritiformis,Hereditary Motor And Sensory Neuropathy IV,Hereditary Motor and Sensory Neuropathy Type IV,Hereditary Motor and Sensory Neuropathy, Type IV,Hereditary Type IV Motor and Sensory Neuropathy,Phytanic Acid Oxidase Deficiency,Refsum Disease, Adult,Refsum Disease, Classic,Refsum Disease, Phytanic Acid Oxidase Deficiency,Refsum Disease, Phytanoyl-CoA Hydroxylase Deficiency,Refsum Syndrome,Refsum's Disease,Refsum's Syndrome,Refsum-Thiebaut Syndrome,Adult Refsum Diseases,Classic Refsum Diseases,Disease, Adult Refsum,Disease, Classic Refsum,Disease, Refsum,Disease, Refsum's,Diseases, Adult Refsum,Diseases, Classic Refsum,HMSN IVs,Heredoataxia Polyneuritiformis, Hemeralopia,Polyneuritiformis, Hemeralopia Heredoataxia,Polyneuritiformis, Heredopathia Atactica,Refsum Disease, Phytanoyl CoA Hydroxylase Deficiency,Refsum Diseases, Adult,Refsum Diseases, Classic,Refsum Thiebaut Syndrome,Refsum-Thiebaut Syndromes,Refsums Disease,Refsums Syndrome,Syndrome, Refsum,Syndrome, Refsum's,Syndrome, Refsum-Thiebaut,Syndromes, Refsum-Thiebaut
D002806	Chondrodysplasia Punctata	A heterogeneous group of bone dysplasias, the common character of which is stippling of the epiphyses in infancy. The group includes a severe autosomal recessive form (CHONDRODYSPLASIA PUNCTATA, RHIZOMELIC), an autosomal dominant form (Conradi-Hunermann syndrome), and a milder X-linked form. Metabolic defects associated with impaired peroxisomes are present only in the rhizomelic form.	Chondrodystrophia Calcificans Congenita,Conradi-Hunermann Syndrome,Dysplasia Epiphysialis Punctata,Epiphyses, Stippled,Stippled Epiphyses,Chondrodysplasia Punctata 2, X-Linked,Chondrodysplasia Punctata 2, X-Linked Dominant,Conradi Hunermann Happle Syndrome,Conradi-Hunermann-Happle Syndrome,Conradi-Hünermann Syndrome,Conradi-Hünermann-Happle Syndrome,Happle Syndrome,Hunermann-Conradi Syndrome,X-Linked Chondrodysplasia Punctata 2,X-Linked Dominant Chondrodysplasia Punctata,Chondrodysplasia Punctata 2, X Linked,Chondrodysplasia Punctata 2, X Linked Dominant,Conradi Hunermann Syndrome,Conradi Hünermann Happle Syndrome,Conradi Hünermann Syndrome,Conradi-Hunermann-Happle Syndromes,Conradi-Hünermann Syndromes,Conradi-Hünermann-Happle Syndromes,Hunermann Conradi Syndrome,X Linked Chondrodysplasia Punctata 2,X Linked Dominant Chondrodysplasia Punctata
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D001706	Biopsy	Removal and pathologic examination of specimens from the living body.	Biopsies
D012867	Skin	The outer covering of the body that protects it from the environment. It is composed of the DERMIS and the EPIDERMIS.
D013577	Syndrome	A characteristic symptom complex.	Symptom Cluster,Cluster, Symptom,Clusters, Symptom,Symptom Clusters,Syndromes
D016111	Sjogren-Larsson Syndrome	An autosomal recessive neurocutaneous disorder characterized by severe ichthyosis MENTAL RETARDATION; SPASTIC PARAPLEGIA; and congenital ICHTHYOSIS. It is caused by mutation of gene encoding microsomal fatty ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE leading to defect in fatty alcohol metabolism.	Congenital Icthyosis Mental Retardation Spasticity Syndrome,FALDH Deficiency,Fatty Alcohol:NAD+ Oxidoreductase Deficiency,Fatty Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Deficiency,Fatty Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Deficiency Disease,Ichthyosis Oligophrenia Syndrome,Ichthyosis, Spastic Neurologic Disorder, and Oligophrenia,Sjögren-Larsson Syndrome,Sjogren Larsson Syndrome
D016112	Ichthyosis Vulgaris	Most common form of ICHTHYOSIS characterized by prominent scaling especially on the exterior surfaces of the extremities. It is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait.	Ichthyosis Simplex,Ichthyosis Vulgaris, Dominant,Dominant Ichthyosis Vulgaris,Ichthyosis Simplices
D016114	Ichthyosis, X-Linked	Chronic form of ichthyosis that is inherited as a sex-linked recessive trait carried on the X-chromosome and transmitted to the male offspring. It is characterized by severe scaling, especially on the extremities, and is associated with steroid sulfatase deficiency.	Ichthyosis, Sex-Linked,Steroid Sulfatase Deficiency Disease,Placental Steroid Sulfatase Deficiency,Steroid Sulfatase Deficiency,Deficiencies, Steroid Sulfatase,Deficiency, Steroid Sulfatase,Ichthyoses, Sex-Linked,Ichthyoses, X-Linked,Ichthyosis, Sex Linked,Ichthyosis, X Linked,Steroid Sulfatase Deficiencies,Sulfatase Deficiencies, Steroid,Sulfatase Deficiency, Steroid