Biomaterial Database

Diffuse alveolar damage in the rat lung after short and long term exposure to nitrogen dioxide. 1994

P J Barth, and S Uhlarik, and A Bittinger, and U Wagner, and J Rüschoff

Department of Pathology, Philipps-Universität Marburg/Lahn, Germany.

In order to quantify parenchymal, vascular and epithelial changes occurring in the exudative and organizing phase of diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) induced by inhaled NO2 groups of 7 rats were continuously exposed to 5, 10 or 20 ppm NO2 for 3 and 25 days alternatively. AgNOR analysis revealed the highest proliferative activity in the epithelium of the respiratory bronchioles. In this region already after 3d exposure to 5 ppm the maximum AgNOR number was reached. In contrast to long-term exposure after 3d exposure to 5 and 10 ppm NO2 the AgNOR number in the respiratory bronchioles was significantly higher than in central airway epithelia. After long-term exposure to 5 and 10 ppm AgNOR number decreased to normal values or showed no further significant increase, long-term exposure to 20 ppm resulted in a further increase of the AgNOR number. A significant increase of the alveolar circumference and decrease of alveolar surface density was found after an exposure to 20 ppm for 3d and long-term exposure to 10 and 20 ppm NO2, whereas the 5 ppm exposure groups disclosed no significant change of these values. Medial hypertrophy was detected after exposure to 10 and 20 ppm NO2 for 25 days, after the exposure to 5 ppm for 3d and 25d medial thickness was significantly decreased due to vasodilation induced by NO, one of the major reaction products of NO2.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D009585	Nitrogen Dioxide	Nitrogen oxide (NO2). A highly poisonous gas. Exposure produces inflammation of lungs that may only cause slight pain or pass unnoticed, but resulting edema several days later may cause death. (From Merck, 11th ed) It is a major atmospheric pollutant that is able to absorb UV light that does not reach the earth's surface.	Nitrogen Peroxide,Dioxide, Nitrogen,Peroxide, Nitrogen
D009697	Nucleolus Organizer Region	The chromosome region which is active in nucleolus formation and which functions in the synthesis of ribosomal RNA.	Nucleolar Organizer,Nucleolar Organizers,Nucleolus Organizer Regions,Organizer Region, Nucleolus,Organizer Regions, Nucleolus,Organizer, Nucleolar,Organizers, Nucleolar,Region, Nucleolus Organizer,Regions, Nucleolus Organizer
D011650	Pulmonary Alveoli	Small polyhedral outpouchings along the walls of the alveolar sacs, alveolar ducts and terminal bronchioles through the walls of which gas exchange between alveolar air and pulmonary capillary blood takes place.	Alveoli, Pulmonary,Alveolus, Pulmonary,Pulmonary Alveolus
D012016	Reference Values	The range or frequency distribution of a measurement in a population (of organisms, organs or things) that has not been selected for the presence of disease or abnormality.	Normal Range,Normal Values,Reference Ranges,Normal Ranges,Normal Value,Range, Normal,Range, Reference,Ranges, Normal,Ranges, Reference,Reference Range,Reference Value,Value, Normal,Value, Reference,Values, Normal,Values, Reference
D004305	Dose-Response Relationship, Drug	The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.	Dose Response Relationship, Drug,Dose-Response Relationships, Drug,Drug Dose-Response Relationship,Drug Dose-Response Relationships,Relationship, Drug Dose-Response,Relationships, Drug Dose-Response
D004646	Emphysema	A pathological accumulation of air in tissues or organs.
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012834	Silver	An element with the atomic symbol Ag, atomic number 47, and atomic weight 107.87. It is a soft metal that is used medically in surgical instruments, dental prostheses, and alloys. Long-continued use of silver salts can lead to a form of poisoning known as ARGYRIA.
D013194	Staining and Labeling	The marking of biological material with a dye or other reagent for the purpose of identifying and quantitating components of tissues, cells or their extracts.	Histological Labeling,Staining,Histological Labelings,Labeling and Staining,Labeling, Histological,Labelings, Histological,Stainings