Biomaterial Database

Intracranial hypertension after cranial vault decompression for craniosynostosis. 1995

J W Campbell, and A L Albright, and H W Losken, and A W Biglan

Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Penn., USA.

A 3-year-old boy with chronic papilledema, bilateral coronal synostosis and Pfeiffer syndrome underwent an orbitofrontal advancement. One month postoperatively, his papilledema had resolved, however, his vision progressively deteriorated over the ensuing 3 months to legal blindness. He had no symptoms or signs of increased pressure. Multiple imaging studies were unremarkable except for dilatation of the optic nerve sheaths. A lumbar puncture revealed intracranial hypertension, which resolved after treatment with a lumboperitoneal shunt. Intracranial hypertension may persist after craniofacial reconstruction. In patients who have progressive neurological deterioration after craniofacial reconstruction, direct measurement of intracranial pressure is indicated, despite a lack of clinical signs or symptoms of intracranial hypertension and normal imaging studies.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D006973	Hypertension	Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.	Blood Pressure, High,Blood Pressures, High,High Blood Pressure,High Blood Pressures
D007427	Intracranial Pressure	Pressure within the cranial cavity. It is influenced by brain mass, the circulatory system, CSF dynamics, and skull rigidity.	Intracerebral Pressure,Subarachnoid Pressure,Intracerebral Pressures,Intracranial Pressures,Pressure, Intracerebral,Pressure, Intracranial,Pressure, Subarachnoid,Pressures, Intracerebral,Pressures, Intracranial,Pressures, Subarachnoid,Subarachnoid Pressures
D008297	Male		Males
D009900	Optic Nerve	The 2nd cranial nerve which conveys visual information from the RETINA to the brain. The nerve carries the axons of the RETINAL GANGLION CELLS which sort at the OPTIC CHIASM and continue via the OPTIC TRACTS to the brain. The largest projection is to the lateral geniculate nuclei; other targets include the SUPERIOR COLLICULI and the SUPRACHIASMATIC NUCLEI. Though known as the second cranial nerve, it is considered part of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.	Cranial Nerve II,Second Cranial Nerve,Nervus Opticus,Cranial Nerve, Second,Cranial Nerves, Second,Nerve, Optic,Nerve, Second Cranial,Nerves, Optic,Nerves, Second Cranial,Optic Nerves,Second Cranial Nerves
D010211	Papilledema	Swelling of the OPTIC DISK, usually in association with increased intracranial pressure, characterized by hyperemia, blurring of the disk margins, microhemorrhages, blind spot enlargement, and engorgement of retinal veins. Chronic papilledema may cause OPTIC ATROPHY and visual loss. (Miller et al., Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmology, 4th ed, p175)	Choked Disk,Edema of the Optic Disc,Edema of the Optic Disk,Optic Disc Edema,Optic Disk Edema,Optic Papilla Edema,Papillitis, Optic,Decreased Intraocular Pressure-Associated Papilledema,Increased Intracranial Pressure-Associated Papilledema,Optic Nerve Papillitis,Papilledema Associated with Decreased Intraocular Pressure,Papilledema Associated with Increased Intracranial Pressure,Papillitis,Retinal Edema,Choked Disks,Decreased Intraocular Pressure Associated Papilledema,Disk, Choked,Edema, Optic Disc,Edema, Optic Disk,Edema, Optic Papilla,Edema, Retinal,Edemas, Optic Disc,Edemas, Optic Disk,Edemas, Retinal,Increased Intracranial Pressure Associated Papilledema,Optic Papillitis,Papillitis, Optic Nerve,Retinal Edemas
D002675	Child, Preschool	A child between the ages of 2 and 5.	Children, Preschool,Preschool Child,Preschool Children
D003398	Craniosynostoses	Premature closure of one or more CRANIAL SUTURES. It often results in plagiocephaly. Craniosynostoses that involve multiple sutures are sometimes associated with congenital syndromes such as ACROCEPHALOSYNDACTYLIA; and CRANIOFACIAL DYSOSTOSIS.	Acrocephaly,Oxycephaly,Brachycephaly,Craniostenosis,Craniosynostosis,Craniosynostosis, Lambdoidal,Craniosynostosis, Type 1,Lambdoid Synostosis,Metopic Synostosis,Plagiocephaly, Craniosynostosis,Plagiocephaly, Synostotic,Sagittal Synostosis,Scaphocephaly,Synostotic Anterior Plagiocephaly,Synostotic Posterior Plagiocephaly,Trigonocephaly,Unilateral Coronal Synostosis,1 Craniosynostoses, Type,1 Craniosynostosis, Type,Anterior Plagiocephaly, Synostotic,Coronal Synostoses, Unilateral,Coronal Synostosis, Unilateral,Craniostenoses,Craniosynostose,Craniosynostoses, Lambdoidal,Craniosynostoses, Type 1,Craniosynostosis Plagiocephaly,Lambdoid Synostoses,Lambdoidal Craniosynostoses,Lambdoidal Craniosynostosis,Metopic Synostoses,Plagiocephaly, Synostotic Anterior,Plagiocephaly, Synostotic Posterior,Posterior Plagiocephaly, Synostotic,Sagittal Synostoses,Synostoses, Lambdoid,Synostoses, Metopic,Synostoses, Sagittal,Synostoses, Unilateral Coronal,Synostosis, Lambdoid,Synostosis, Metopic,Synostosis, Sagittal,Synostosis, Unilateral Coronal,Synostotic Plagiocephaly,Type 1 Craniosynostoses,Type 1 Craniosynostosis,Unilateral Coronal Synostoses
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D012886	Skull	The SKELETON of the HEAD including the FACIAL BONES and the bones enclosing the BRAIN.	Calvaria,Cranium,Calvarium,Skulls
D014786	Vision Disorders	Visual impairments limiting one or more of the basic functions of the eye: visual acuity, dark adaptation, color vision, or peripheral vision. These may result from EYE DISEASES; OPTIC NERVE DISEASES; VISUAL PATHWAY diseases; OCCIPITAL LOBE diseases; OCULAR MOTILITY DISORDERS; and other conditions (From Newell, Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts, 7th ed, p132).	Hemeralopia,Macropsia,Micropsia,Day Blindness,Metamorphopsia,Vision Disability,Visual Disorders,Visual Impairment,Blindness, Day,Disabilities, Vision,Disability, Vision,Disorder, Visual,Disorders, Visual,Hemeralopias,Impairment, Visual,Impairments, Visual,Macropsias,Metamorphopsias,Micropsias,Vision Disabilities,Vision Disorder,Visual Disorder,Visual Impairments