Biomaterial Database

Scheduling of chemotherapy and radiotherapy in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer. 1995

J F Bishop

Division of Haematology and Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Institute, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

In scheduling chemotherapy and radiotherapy for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), chemotherapy can be given pre-radiotherapy or concurrently as a single agent or in combination. Optimal scheduling has yet to be established. Optimal pre-radiotherapy for NSCLC requires further development but cisplatin with vinblastine, vindesine, etoposide or navelbine appear the best currently available. A number of new drugs show potential for enhancing radiation effects. Concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy has been tested in a number of experimental tumours in cell culture. In these systems cisplatin, carboplatin, 5-fluorouracil, mitomycin-C and other agents appear to improve cell kill compared to chemotherapy alone. Mouse xenograft models allow the study of various concurrent drug and radiation schedules including the effect of radiation with cisplatin, carboplatin, paclitaxel and gemcitabine. In these systems, cisplatin in divided doses shows optimal enhancement with fractionated radiotherapy. There are a number of drug candidates for concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy programs. Clinical studies in head and neck cancer, esophageal cancer, small cell lung cancer and NSCLC show promising results with concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Cisplatin given daily with radiotherapy improved survival in NSCLC compared to cisplatin given weekly with radiotherapy or to radiotherapy alone. To study the toxicity of radiation and concurrent carboplatin, we have studied 170 patients with unresectable locally advanced NSCLC in a 4-arm randomized trial. An analysis of the first 100 patients entered revealed significantly more neutropenia (P < 0.0001) and thrombocytopenia (P < 0.004) with the combined modality arms. Esophagitis was worse on all three experimental arms but was significantly more prolonged with accelerated radiotherapy arms.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008175	Lung Neoplasms	Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.	Cancer of Lung,Lung Cancer,Pulmonary Cancer,Pulmonary Neoplasms,Cancer of the Lung,Neoplasms, Lung,Neoplasms, Pulmonary,Cancer, Lung,Cancer, Pulmonary,Cancers, Lung,Cancers, Pulmonary,Lung Cancers,Lung Neoplasm,Neoplasm, Lung,Neoplasm, Pulmonary,Pulmonary Cancers,Pulmonary Neoplasm
D008819	Mice, Nude	Mutant mice homozygous for the recessive gene "nude" which fail to develop a thymus. They are useful in tumor studies and studies on immune responses.	Athymic Mice,Mice, Athymic,Nude Mice,Mouse, Athymic,Mouse, Nude,Athymic Mouse,Nude Mouse
D002289	Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung	A heterogeneous aggregate of at least three distinct histological types of lung cancer, including SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; ADENOCARCINOMA; and LARGE CELL CARCINOMA. They are dealt with collectively because of their shared treatment strategy.	Carcinoma, Non-Small Cell Lung,Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer,Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma,Non-Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma,Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer,Carcinoma, Non Small Cell Lung,Carcinomas, Non-Small-Cell Lung,Lung Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell,Lung Carcinomas, Non-Small-Cell,Non Small Cell Lung Carcinoma,Non-Small-Cell Lung Carcinomas
D003131	Combined Modality Therapy	The treatment of a disease or condition by several different means simultaneously or sequentially. Chemoimmunotherapy, RADIOIMMUNOTHERAPY, chemoradiotherapy, cryochemotherapy, and SALVAGE THERAPY are seen most frequently, but their combinations with each other and surgery are also used.	Multimodal Treatment,Therapy, Combined Modality,Combined Modality Therapies,Modality Therapies, Combined,Modality Therapy, Combined,Multimodal Treatments,Therapies, Combined Modality,Treatment, Multimodal,Treatments, Multimodal
D004334	Drug Administration Schedule	Time schedule for administration of a drug in order to achieve optimum effectiveness and convenience.	Administration Schedule, Drug,Administration Schedules, Drug,Drug Administration Schedules,Schedule, Drug Administration,Schedules, Drug Administration
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000970	Antineoplastic Agents	Substances that inhibit or prevent the proliferation of NEOPLASMS.	Anticancer Agent,Antineoplastic,Antineoplastic Agent,Antineoplastic Drug,Antitumor Agent,Antitumor Drug,Cancer Chemotherapy Agent,Cancer Chemotherapy Drug,Anticancer Agents,Antineoplastic Drugs,Antineoplastics,Antitumor Agents,Antitumor Drugs,Cancer Chemotherapy Agents,Cancer Chemotherapy Drugs,Chemotherapeutic Anticancer Agents,Chemotherapeutic Anticancer Drug,Agent, Anticancer,Agent, Antineoplastic,Agent, Antitumor,Agent, Cancer Chemotherapy,Agents, Anticancer,Agents, Antineoplastic,Agents, Antitumor,Agents, Cancer Chemotherapy,Agents, Chemotherapeutic Anticancer,Chemotherapy Agent, Cancer,Chemotherapy Agents, Cancer,Chemotherapy Drug, Cancer,Chemotherapy Drugs, Cancer,Drug, Antineoplastic,Drug, Antitumor,Drug, Cancer Chemotherapy,Drug, Chemotherapeutic Anticancer,Drugs, Antineoplastic,Drugs, Antitumor,Drugs, Cancer Chemotherapy
D013997	Time Factors	Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.	Time Series,Factor, Time,Time Factor
D014183	Transplantation, Heterologous	Transplantation between animals of different species.	Xenotransplantation,Heterograft Transplantation,Heterografting,Heterologous Transplantation,Xenograft Transplantation,Xenografting,Transplantation, Heterograft,Transplantation, Xenograft