Biomaterial Database

Cytoskeleton of the mesenchymal cells of the rat dental papilla and dental pulp. 1995

P P Webb, and B J Moxham, and J R Ralphs, and M Benjamin

School of Molecular and Medical Biosciences (Anatomy Unit), Cardiff.

This study describes the immunolocalization of actin, cytokeratins and vimentin during differentiation of the dental papilla in the rat. Incisors and first molars were sectioned from mandibles of Wistar rats from embryonic day (E)-14 to (E)-21 and weeks 1, 2, 3, 12 and 104 after birth, fixed in 90% alcohol, decalcified in EDTA, infiltrated with 5% sucrose, frozen in dry ice, and cryosectioned at 10 microns. The sections were immunolabelled using indirect immunofluorescence with a panel of monoclonal antibodies and FITC-phalloidin for F-actin localization. F-actin was present in follicular mesenchyme and odontoblast processes. Vimentin labelled dental papilla fibroblasts, differentiating, functional (secretory) and aged odontoblasts. Vimentin was uniformly localized in the cytoplasm of pre-odontoblasts but was redistributed to the apical pole of these cells during polarization. Of the cytokeratins, only cytokeratin 19 was found in differentiating odontoblasts. It was not present in dental papilla fibroblasts, functional or aged odontoblasts. These results suggest that actin and the redistribution of vimentin may be involved in odontoblast differentiation and odontoblast process formation/support and that these events may be preceded by the expression of cytokeratin 19.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007633	Keratins	A class of fibrous proteins or scleroproteins that represents the principal constituent of EPIDERMIS; HAIR; NAILS; horny tissues, and the organic matrix of tooth ENAMEL. Two major conformational groups have been characterized, alpha-keratin, whose peptide backbone forms a coiled-coil alpha helical structure consisting of TYPE I KERATIN and a TYPE II KERATIN, and beta-keratin, whose backbone forms a zigzag or pleated sheet structure. alpha-Keratins have been classified into at least 20 subtypes. In addition multiple isoforms of subtypes have been found which may be due to GENE DUPLICATION.	Cytokeratin,Keratin Associated Protein,Keratin,Keratin-Associated Proteins,alpha-Keratin,Associated Protein, Keratin,Keratin Associated Proteins,Protein, Keratin Associated,alpha Keratin
D008648	Mesoderm	The middle germ layer of an embryo derived from three paired mesenchymal aggregates along the neural tube.	Mesenchyme,Dorsal Mesoderm,Intermediate Mesoderm,Lateral Plate Mesoderm,Mesenchyma,Paraxial Mesoderm,Dorsal Mesoderms,Intermediate Mesoderms,Lateral Plate Mesoderms,Mesenchymas,Mesoderm, Dorsal,Mesoderm, Intermediate,Mesoderm, Lateral Plate,Mesoderm, Paraxial,Mesoderms, Dorsal,Mesoderms, Intermediate,Mesoderms, Lateral Plate,Mesoderms, Paraxial,Paraxial Mesoderms,Plate Mesoderm, Lateral,Plate Mesoderms, Lateral
D009804	Odontoblasts	The mesenchymal cells which line the DENTAL PULP CAVITY and produce DENTIN. They have a columnar morphology in the coronal pulp but are cuboidal in the root pulp, or when adjacent to tertiary dentin.	Odontoblast
D002454	Cell Differentiation	Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs.	Differentiation, Cell,Cell Differentiations,Differentiations, Cell
D003598	Cytoskeletal Proteins	Major constituent of the cytoskeleton found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. They form a flexible framework for the cell, provide attachment points for organelles and formed bodies, and make communication between parts of the cell possible.	Proteins, Cytoskeletal
D003599	Cytoskeleton	The network of filaments, tubules, and interconnecting filamentous bridges which give shape, structure, and organization to the cytoplasm.	Cytoplasmic Filaments,Cytoskeletal Filaments,Microtrabecular Lattice,Cytoplasmic Filament,Cytoskeletal Filament,Cytoskeletons,Filament, Cytoplasmic,Filament, Cytoskeletal,Filaments, Cytoplasmic,Filaments, Cytoskeletal,Lattice, Microtrabecular,Lattices, Microtrabecular,Microtrabecular Lattices
D003771	Dental Papilla	Mesodermal tissue enclosed in the invaginated portion of the epithelial enamel organ and giving rise to the dentin and pulp.	Dental Papillae,Papilla, Dental,Papillae, Dental
D003782	Dental Pulp	A richly vascularized and innervated connective tissue of mesodermal origin, contained in the central cavity of a tooth and delimited by the dentin, and having formative, nutritive, sensory, and protective functions. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992)	Dental Pulps,Pulp, Dental,Pulps, Dental
D003795	Dental Sac	Dense fibrous layer formed from mesodermal tissue that surrounds the epithelial enamel organ. The cells eventually migrate to the external surface of the newly formed root dentin and give rise to the cementoblasts that deposit cementum on the developing root, fibroblasts of the developing periodontal ligament, and osteoblasts of the developing alveolar bone.	Dental Follicle,Dental Follicles,Dental Sacs,Follicle, Dental,Follicles, Dental,Sac, Dental,Sacs, Dental
D004622	Embryo, Mammalian	The entity of a developing mammal (MAMMALS), generally from the cleavage of a ZYGOTE to the end of embryonic differentiation of basic structures. For the human embryo, this represents the first two months of intrauterine development preceding the stages of the FETUS.	Embryonic Structures, Mammalian,Mammalian Embryo,Mammalian Embryo Structures,Mammalian Embryonic Structures,Embryo Structure, Mammalian,Embryo Structures, Mammalian,Embryonic Structure, Mammalian,Embryos, Mammalian,Mammalian Embryo Structure,Mammalian Embryonic Structure,Mammalian Embryos,Structure, Mammalian Embryo,Structure, Mammalian Embryonic,Structures, Mammalian Embryo,Structures, Mammalian Embryonic