Influence of soil characteristics on the clastogenic activity of maleic hydrazide in root tips of Vicia faba. 1995

A De Marco, and C De Simone, and M Raglione, and P Lorenzoni
Centro di Genetica Evoluzionistica, C.N.R. Università la Sapienza, Roma, Italy.

The clastogenic activity of the herbicide maleic hydrazide (MH) in Vicia faba seedlings grown in different soils was studied. In the first series of experiments the seedlings were treated with MH in nine soils of different selected properties. The second experimental protocol provided for a growth step in each of the nine soils under study and then for the treatment of the seedlings with MH in a sandy soil. The results obtained show that less clastogenic damage (induction of micronuclei and aberrant anatelophases) was observed in the seedlings treated in the soils with a high content of organic and clay-type colloids. A growth step carried out in the organic soils, before the treatment with MH, was observed to reduce the genotoxic effects of the herbicide when the seedlings were treated in a sandy soil. These findings suggest that some components of soil organic matter, such as fulvic and humic acids, may be absorbed by the plant roots and so carry out an antimutagenic activity against MH within the plant.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007887 Fabaceae The large family of plants characterized by pods. Some are edible and some cause LATHYRISM or FAVISM and other forms of poisoning. Other species yield useful materials like gums from ACACIA and various LECTINS like PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS from PHASEOLUS. Many of them harbor NITROGEN FIXATION bacteria on their roots. Many but not all species of "beans" belong to this family. Afzelia,Amorpha,Andira,Baptisia,Callerya,Ceratonia,Clathrotropis,Colophospermum,Copaifera,Delonix,Euchresta,Guibourtia,Legumes,Machaerium,Pithecolobium,Stryphnodendron,Leguminosae,Pea Family,Pithecellobium,Tachigalia,Families, Pea,Family, Pea,Legume,Pea Families
D008300 Maleic Hydrazide 1,2-Dihydro-3,6-pyridazinedione. A herbicide and plant growth regulator; also used to control suckering of tobacco. Its residue in food and tobacco is highly toxic, causing CNS disturbances and liver damage. Maleic Acid Hydrazide,Acid Hydrazide, Maleic,Hydrazide, Maleic,Hydrazide, Maleic Acid
D009153 Mutagens Chemical agents that increase the rate of genetic mutation by interfering with the function of nucleic acids. A clastogen is a specific mutagen that causes breaks in chromosomes. Clastogen,Clastogens,Genotoxin,Genotoxins,Mutagen
D010946 Plants, Medicinal Plants whose roots, leaves, seeds, bark, or other constituent parts possess therapeutic, tonic, purgative, curative or other pharmacologic attributes, when administered to man or animals. Herbs, Medicinal,Medicinal Herbs,Healing Plants,Medicinal Plants,Pharmaceutical Plants,Healing Plant,Herb, Medicinal,Medicinal Herb,Medicinal Plant,Pharmaceutical Plant,Plant, Healing,Plant, Medicinal,Plant, Pharmaceutical,Plants, Healing,Plants, Pharmaceutical
D012987 Soil The unconsolidated mineral or organic matter on the surface of the earth that serves as a natural medium for the growth of land plants. Peat,Humus,Soils
D013692 Telophase The final phase of cell nucleus division following ANAPHASE, in which two daughter nuclei are formed, the CYTOPLASM completes division, and the CHROMOSOMES lose their distinctness and are transformed into CHROMATIN threads. Telophases
D015162 Micronucleus Tests Induction and quantitative measurement of chromosomal damage leading to the formation of micronuclei (MICRONUCLEI, CHROMOSOME-DEFECTIVE) in cells which have been exposed to genotoxic agents or IONIZING RADIATION. Micronucleus Assays,Assay, Micronucleus,Assays, Micronucleus,Micronucleus Assay,Micronucleus Test,Test, Micronucleus,Tests, Micronucleus
D016587 Antimutagenic Agents Agents that reduce the frequency or rate of spontaneous or induced mutations independently of the mechanism involved. Anti-Mutagenic Agent,Antimutagen,Antimutagenic Agent,Anti-Mutagenic Agents,Anti-Mutagenic Effect,Anti-Mutagenic Effects,Antimutagenic Effect,Antimutagenic Effects,Antimutagens,Agent, Anti-Mutagenic,Agent, Antimutagenic,Agents, Anti-Mutagenic,Agents, Antimutagenic,Anti Mutagenic Agent,Anti Mutagenic Agents,Anti Mutagenic Effect,Anti Mutagenic Effects,Effect, Anti-Mutagenic,Effect, Antimutagenic,Effects, Anti-Mutagenic,Effects, Antimutagenic
D018517 Plant Roots The usually underground portions of a plant that serve as support, store food, and through which water and mineral nutrients enter the plant. (From American Heritage Dictionary, 1982; Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990) Plant Bulbs,Plant Root,Bulb, Plant,Bulbs, Plant,Plant Bulb,Root, Plant,Roots, Plant

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