Biomaterial Database

[Elbow contracture caused by increased tonus of the flexor muscles]. 1995

J J Glaesener, and S Rosnau, and W Petersen

Querschnittgelähmten-Zentrum, Berufsgenossenschaftlichen, Unfallkrankenhauses Hamburg.

Increased muscle tone leads occasionally to fixed flexion and supination deformities of the elbow in tetraplegics and subsequently to additional restriction of function. The incidence, course, remaining functions and therapeutic measures were studied retrospectively in 22 patients (37 arms). Muscle hypertonus was found to start during the first 12 weeks after spinal cord lesion and to provoke a flexion contracture of 35 to 95 degrees in 40% of the cases despite therapy. Due to the failure of physical therapy and operative measures, prophylaxis through the prevention of shoulder-pain, early use of adequate splinting of the upper extremity and electrical stimulation of the triceps brachii should be carried out.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D008875	Middle Aged	An adult aged 45 - 64 years.	Middle Age
D009122	Muscle Hypertonia	Abnormal increase in skeletal or smooth muscle tone. Skeletal muscle hypertonicity may be associated with PYRAMIDAL TRACT lesions or BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES.	Hypermyotonia,Muscular Hypertonicity,Hypertonia, Detrusor Muscle,Hypertonia, Infantile,Hypertonia, Neonatal,Hypertonia, Sphincter,Hypertonia, Transient,Muscle Tone Increased,Detrusor Muscle Hypertonia,Detrusor Muscle Hypertonias,Hypermyotonias,Hypertonia, Muscle,Hypertonias, Detrusor Muscle,Hypertonias, Infantile,Hypertonias, Muscle,Hypertonias, Neonatal,Hypertonias, Sphincter,Hypertonias, Transient,Hypertonicities, Muscular,Hypertonicity, Muscular,Increased, Muscle Tone,Infantile Hypertonia,Infantile Hypertonias,Muscle Hypertonia, Detrusor,Muscle Hypertonias,Muscle Hypertonias, Detrusor,Muscular Hypertonicities,Neonatal Hypertonia,Neonatal Hypertonias,Sphincter Hypertonia,Sphincter Hypertonias,Tone Increased, Muscle,Transient Hypertonia,Transient Hypertonias
D011782	Quadriplegia	Severe or complete loss of motor function in all four limbs which may result from BRAIN DISEASES; SPINAL CORD DISEASES; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASES; or rarely MUSCULAR DISEASES. The locked-in syndrome is characterized by quadriplegia in combination with cranial muscle paralysis. Consciousness is spared and the only retained voluntary motor activity may be limited eye movements. This condition is usually caused by a lesion in the upper BRAIN STEM which injures the descending cortico-spinal and cortico-bulbar tracts.	Quadriparesis,Spastic Quadriplegia,Tetraplegia,Flaccid Quadriplegia,Flaccid Tetraplegia,Paralysis, Spinal, Quadriplegic,Spastic Tetraplegia,Flaccid Quadriplegias,Flaccid Tetraplegias,Quadripareses,Quadriplegia, Flaccid,Quadriplegia, Spastic,Quadriplegias,Quadriplegias, Flaccid,Quadriplegias, Spastic,Spastic Quadriplegias,Spastic Tetraplegias,Tetraplegia, Flaccid,Tetraplegia, Spastic,Tetraplegias,Tetraplegias, Flaccid,Tetraplegias, Spastic
D003286	Contracture	Prolonged shortening of the muscle or other soft tissue around a joint, preventing movement of the joint.	Contractures
D004551	Elbow Joint	A hinge joint connecting the FOREARM to the ARM.	Elbow Joints,Joint, Elbow,Joints, Elbow
D004599	Electric Stimulation Therapy	Application of electric current in treatment without the generation of perceptible heat. It includes electric stimulation of nerves or muscles, passage of current into the body, or use of interrupted current of low intensity to raise the detection threshold of the skin to pain.	Electrotherapy,Electrical Stimulation Therapy,Interferential Current Electrotherapy,Therapeutic Electric Stimulation,Therapeutic Electrical Stimulation,Therapy, Electric Stimulation,Electric Stimulation, Therapeutic,Electrical Stimulation, Therapeutic,Electrotherapy, Interferential Current,Stimulation Therapy, Electric,Stimulation Therapy, Electrical,Stimulation, Therapeutic Electric,Stimulation, Therapeutic Electrical,Therapy, Electrical Stimulation
D005260	Female		Females
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000328	Adult	A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available.	Adults

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