Biomaterial Database

Branch retinal arterial occlusions in multifocal retinitis with optic nerve edema. 1995

S M Cohen, and J L Davis, and D M Gass

Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami (Fla) School of Medicine, USA.

OBJECTIVE To determine the natural history and visual prognosis of patients with branch retinal arterial occlusions secondary to multifocal retinitis. METHODS Cases were reviewed for seven patients who exhibited multifocal retinitis and branch retinal arterial occlusion. The average age of the patients was 27 years (age range, 14 to 19 years). RESULTS Six patients had systemic illnesses associated with their ocular findings. Four patients were scratched by a cat or exposed to a cat with fleas within 1 month of symptoms. Three of these patients were tested and had positive cat-scratch disease titers. At presentation, five patients complained of a scotoma, and two noted blurred vision. On examination, visual acuity was 20/25 or better in all but one eye. Five patients had vitritis, which was bilateral in three. Four patients exhibited optic nerve edema, which was bilateral in two. White intraretinal infiltrates were present in all patients, and were bilateral in five. The six patients who were examined within 1 week of symptoms had a white retinal infiltrate at the site of vascular occlusion. The retinal findings resolved in 2 to 6 weeks and did not recur. The final visual acuity was 20/20 OU in all patients. CONCLUSIONS Branch retinal arterial occlusions represent a complication of multifocal retinitis and idiopathic optic nerve edema. The arterial occlusions are probably caused by a focus of retinitis. This self-limited disorder has an excellent visual prognosis and may be related to cat-scratch disease.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D009898	Optic Disk	The portion of the optic nerve seen in the fundus with the ophthalmoscope. It is formed by the meeting of all the retinal ganglion cell axons as they enter the optic nerve.	Blind Spot,Optic Disc,Optic Nerve Head,Optic Papilla,Blind Spots,Disc, Optic,Disk, Optic,Head, Optic Nerve,Nerve Head, Optic,Optic Discs,Optic Disks,Optic Nerve Heads,Optic Papillas,Papilla, Optic,Papillas, Optic,Spot, Blind
D010211	Papilledema	Swelling of the OPTIC DISK, usually in association with increased intracranial pressure, characterized by hyperemia, blurring of the disk margins, microhemorrhages, blind spot enlargement, and engorgement of retinal veins. Chronic papilledema may cause OPTIC ATROPHY and visual loss. (Miller et al., Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmology, 4th ed, p175)	Choked Disk,Edema of the Optic Disc,Edema of the Optic Disk,Optic Disc Edema,Optic Disk Edema,Optic Papilla Edema,Papillitis, Optic,Decreased Intraocular Pressure-Associated Papilledema,Increased Intracranial Pressure-Associated Papilledema,Optic Nerve Papillitis,Papilledema Associated with Decreased Intraocular Pressure,Papilledema Associated with Increased Intracranial Pressure,Papillitis,Retinal Edema,Choked Disks,Decreased Intraocular Pressure Associated Papilledema,Disk, Choked,Edema, Optic Disc,Edema, Optic Disk,Edema, Optic Papilla,Edema, Retinal,Edemas, Optic Disc,Edemas, Optic Disk,Edemas, Retinal,Increased Intracranial Pressure Associated Papilledema,Optic Papillitis,Papillitis, Optic Nerve,Retinal Edemas
D011241	Prednisone	A synthetic anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid derived from CORTISONE. It is biologically inert and converted to PREDNISOLONE in the liver.	Dehydrocortisone,delta-Cortisone,Apo-Prednisone,Cortan,Cortancyl,Cutason,Dacortin,Decortin,Decortisyl,Deltasone,Encorton,Encortone,Enkortolon,Kortancyl,Liquid Pred,Meticorten,Orasone,Panafcort,Panasol,Predni Tablinen,Prednidib,Predniment,Prednison Acsis,Prednison Galen,Prednison Hexal,Pronisone,Rectodelt,Sone,Sterapred,Ultracorten,Winpred,Acsis, Prednison
D011379	Prognosis	A prediction of the probable outcome of a disease based on a individual's condition and the usual course of the disease as seen in similar situations.	Prognostic Factor,Prognostic Factors,Factor, Prognostic,Factors, Prognostic,Prognoses
D002372	Cat-Scratch Disease	A self-limiting bacterial infection of the regional lymph nodes caused by AFIPIA felis, a gram-negative bacterium recently identified by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and by BARTONELLA HENSELAE. It usually arises one or more weeks following a feline scratch, with raised inflammatory nodules at the site of the scratch being the primary symptom.	Cat Scratch Disease,Inoculation Lymphoreticulosis,Bartonella henselae Infection,Cat Scratch Fever,Catscratch Disease,Inoculative Lymphoreticulosis,Bartonella henselae Infections,Cat Scratch Diseases,Cat Scratch Fevers,Cat-Scratch Diseases,Catscratch Diseases,Fever, Cat Scratch,Infection, Bartonella henselae,Infections, Bartonella henselae,Inoculation Lymphoreticuloses,Inoculative Lymphoreticuloses,Lymphoreticuloses, Inoculation,Lymphoreticuloses, Inoculative,Lymphoreticulosis, Inoculation,Lymphoreticulosis, Inoculative,Scratch Disease, Cat,Scratch Diseases, Cat,Scratch Fever, Cat
D002415	Cats	The domestic cat, Felis catus, of the carnivore family FELIDAE, comprising over 30 different breeds. The domestic cat is descended primarily from the wild cat of Africa and extreme southwestern Asia. Though probably present in towns in Palestine as long ago as 7000 years, actual domestication occurred in Egypt about 4000 years ago. (From Walker's Mammals of the World, 6th ed, p801)	Felis catus,Felis domesticus,Domestic Cats,Felis domestica,Felis sylvestris catus,Cat,Cat, Domestic,Cats, Domestic,Domestic Cat
D004359	Drug Therapy, Combination	Therapy with two or more separate preparations given for a combined effect.	Combination Chemotherapy,Polychemotherapy,Chemotherapy, Combination,Combination Drug Therapy,Drug Polytherapy,Therapy, Combination Drug,Chemotherapies, Combination,Combination Chemotherapies,Combination Drug Therapies,Drug Polytherapies,Drug Therapies, Combination,Polychemotherapies,Polytherapies, Drug,Polytherapy, Drug,Therapies, Combination Drug
D005128	Eye Diseases	Diseases affecting the eye.	Eye Disorders,Eye Disease,Eye Disorder
D005260	Female		Females