Biomaterial Database

Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the larynx. Importance of the correct diagnosis and differences between atypical carcinoid tumors and small-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. 1995

F M Gripp, and E K Risse, and H Leverstein, and G B Snow, and C J Meijer

Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Free University Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Findings in the present study have confirmed that the diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumors of the larynx (NETL) requires that a panel of neuroendocrine markers and electron microscopy be performed. This means that the clinician must be aware of the clinical presentations of such patients and should send fresh biopsy specimens to the clinical laboratory for optimal tissue studies. As shown in this study, the possibility of misdiagnosis of an atypical carcinoid tumor (ACT) is rather high. In establishing a diagnosis, a part of the material should be fixed for conventional histology, a part for immunohistochemistry and a part for electron microscopy. The correct diagnosis of NETL is obviously of great importance for subsequent treatment and prognosis. Patients with the diagnosis of ACT of the larynx require surgical treatment. Our findings also show that small-cell neuroendocrine carcinomas of the larynx should be considered to be a disseminated disease at initial presentation. A metastatic workup is necessary, but radical surgical procedures should be avoided. The combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy is always indicated.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007822	Laryngeal Neoplasms	Cancers or tumors of the LARYNX or any of its parts: the GLOTTIS; EPIGLOTTIS; LARYNGEAL CARTILAGES; LARYNGEAL MUSCLES; and VOCAL CORDS.	Cancer of Larynx,Laryngeal Cancer,Larynx Neoplasms,Cancer of the Larynx,Larynx Cancer,Neoplasms, Laryngeal,Cancer, Laryngeal,Cancer, Larynx,Cancers, Laryngeal,Cancers, Larynx,Laryngeal Cancers,Laryngeal Neoplasm,Larynx Cancers,Larynx Neoplasm,Neoplasm, Laryngeal,Neoplasm, Larynx,Neoplasms, Larynx
D007830	Larynx	A tubular organ of VOICE production. It is located in the anterior neck, superior to the TRACHEA and inferior to the tongue and HYOID BONE.	Anterior Commissure, Laryngeal,Anterior Commissure, Larynx,Laryngeal Anterior Commissure,Laryngeal Posterior Commissure,Posterior Commissure, Laryngeal,Posterior Commissure, Larynx,Anterior Commissures, Laryngeal,Anterior Commissures, Larynx,Commissure, Laryngeal Anterior,Commissure, Laryngeal Posterior,Commissure, Larynx Anterior,Commissure, Larynx Posterior,Commissures, Laryngeal Anterior,Commissures, Laryngeal Posterior,Commissures, Larynx Anterior,Commissures, Larynx Posterior,Laryngeal Anterior Commissures,Laryngeal Posterior Commissures,Larynx Anterior Commissure,Larynx Anterior Commissures,Larynx Posterior Commissure,Larynx Posterior Commissures,Posterior Commissures, Laryngeal,Posterior Commissures, Larynx
D008297	Male		Males
D008854	Microscopy, Electron	Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen.	Electron Microscopy
D008875	Middle Aged	An adult aged 45 - 64 years.	Middle Age
D009361	Neoplasm Invasiveness	Ability of neoplasms to infiltrate and actively destroy surrounding tissue.	Invasiveness, Neoplasm,Neoplasm Invasion,Invasion, Neoplasm
D010235	Paraganglioma	A neural crest tumor usually derived from the chromoreceptor tissue of a paraganglion, such as the carotid body, or medulla of the adrenal gland (usually called a chromaffinoma or pheochromocytoma). It is more common in women than in men. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)	Paraganglioma, Gangliocytic,Paragangliomata,Gangliocytic Paraganglioma,Gangliocytic Paragangliomas,Paragangliomas,Paragangliomatas
D011878	Radiotherapy	The use of IONIZING RADIATION to treat malignant NEOPLASMS and some benign conditions.	Radiotherapy, Targeted,Targeted Radiotherapy,Radiation Therapy,Radiation Therapy, Targeted,Radiation Treatment,Targeted Radiation Therapy,Radiation Therapies,Radiation Therapies, Targeted,Radiation Treatments,Radiotherapies,Radiotherapies, Targeted,Targeted Radiation Therapies,Targeted Radiotherapies,Therapies, Radiation,Therapies, Targeted Radiation,Therapy, Radiation,Therapy, Targeted Radiation,Treatment, Radiation
D002276	Carcinoid Tumor	A usually small, slow-growing neoplasm composed of islands of rounded, oxyphilic, or spindle-shaped cells of medium size, with moderately small vesicular nuclei, and covered by intact mucosa with a yellow cut surface. The tumor can occur anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract (and in the lungs and other sites); approximately 90% arise in the appendix. It is now established that these tumors are of neuroendocrine origin and derive from a primitive stem cell. (From Stedman, 25th ed & Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1182)	Argentaffinoma,Carcinoid,Carcinoid, Goblet Cell,Argentaffinomas,Carcinoid Tumors,Carcinoids,Carcinoids, Goblet Cell,Goblet Cell Carcinoid,Goblet Cell Carcinoids,Tumor, Carcinoid,Tumors, Carcinoid
D003131	Combined Modality Therapy	The treatment of a disease or condition by several different means simultaneously or sequentially. Chemoimmunotherapy, RADIOIMMUNOTHERAPY, chemoradiotherapy, cryochemotherapy, and SALVAGE THERAPY are seen most frequently, but their combinations with each other and surgery are also used.	Multimodal Treatment,Therapy, Combined Modality,Combined Modality Therapies,Modality Therapies, Combined,Modality Therapy, Combined,Multimodal Treatments,Therapies, Combined Modality,Treatment, Multimodal,Treatments, Multimodal