Biomaterial Database

Reliability of theophylline clearance in determining chronic oral dosage regimens. 1979

M L Slotfeldt, and C E Johnson, and G Grambau, and J G Weg

Predicted and approximated mean serum theophylline concentrations were compared to assess the feasibility of using theophylline clearance, calculated from the intravenous steady-state serum theophylline concentration, to determine appropriate oral dosage requirements. Ten patients with reversible airway disease (age 7 to 64 years) received theophylline (as Aminophylline USP) by constant i.v. infusion. Theophylline clearance was calculated for each patient from steady-state serum theophylline concentrations determined from blood samples obtained after a least 48 hours of constant theophylline infusion. Aminophylline USP tablets were then adminstered orally. Blood levels measured at peak and trough times following oral theophylline administration were used to calculate an approximate mean serum theophylline concentration. The relationship between predicted and approximated mean serum theophylline concentrations was calculated and analyzed by orthogonal least square regression line. Serum theophylline concentrations ranged from 5.1 microgram/ml to 20.1 microgram/ml, and clearances ranged from 0.03 liter/kg/hr to 0.09 liter/kg/hr. During oral therapy, the maximum concentration ranged from 10.4 microgram/ml to 23.8 microgram/ml, while the minimum ranged from 6.5 microgram/ml to 15.2 microgram/ml. The difference between predicted and approximated mean serum concentrations was within +/-1.6 micrograms/ml in all cases. The study indicates that the theophylline clearance calculated from i.v. infusion data can be used to determine appropriate oral dosage requirements.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007263	Infusions, Parenteral	The administration of liquid medication, nutrient, or other fluid through some other route than the alimentary canal, usually over minutes or hours, either by gravity flow or often by infusion pumping.	Intra-Abdominal Infusions,Intraperitoneal Infusions,Parenteral Infusions,Peritoneal Infusions,Infusion, Intra-Abdominal,Infusion, Intraperitoneal,Infusion, Parenteral,Infusion, Peritoneal,Infusions, Intra-Abdominal,Infusions, Intraperitoneal,Infusions, Peritoneal,Intra Abdominal Infusions,Intra-Abdominal Infusion,Intraperitoneal Infusion,Parenteral Infusion,Peritoneal Infusion
D008297	Male		Males
D008657	Metabolic Clearance Rate	Volume of biological fluid completely cleared of drug metabolites as measured in unit time. Elimination occurs as a result of metabolic processes in the kidney, liver, saliva, sweat, intestine, heart, brain, or other site.	Total Body Clearance Rate,Clearance Rate, Metabolic,Clearance Rates, Metabolic,Metabolic Clearance Rates,Rate, Metabolic Clearance,Rates, Metabolic Clearance
D008875	Middle Aged	An adult aged 45 - 64 years.	Middle Age
D002648	Child	A person 6 to 12 years of age. An individual 2 to 5 years old is CHILD, PRESCHOOL.	Children
D004334	Drug Administration Schedule	Time schedule for administration of a drug in order to achieve optimum effectiveness and convenience.	Administration Schedule, Drug,Administration Schedules, Drug,Drug Administration Schedules,Schedule, Drug Administration,Schedules, Drug Administration
D005069	Evaluation Studies as Topic	Works about studies that determine the effectiveness or value of processes, personnel, and equipment, or the material on conducting such studies.	Critique,Evaluation Indexes,Evaluation Methodology,Evaluation Report,Evaluation Research,Methodology, Evaluation,Pre-Post Tests,Qualitative Evaluation,Quantitative Evaluation,Theoretical Effectiveness,Use-Effectiveness,Critiques,Effectiveness, Theoretical,Evaluation Methodologies,Evaluation Reports,Evaluation, Qualitative,Evaluation, Quantitative,Evaluations, Qualitative,Evaluations, Quantitative,Indexes, Evaluation,Methodologies, Evaluation,Pre Post Tests,Pre-Post Test,Qualitative Evaluations,Quantitative Evaluations,Report, Evaluation,Reports, Evaluation,Research, Evaluation,Test, Pre-Post,Tests, Pre-Post,Use Effectiveness
D005260	Female		Females
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000284	Administration, Oral	The giving of drugs, chemicals, or other substances by mouth.	Drug Administration, Oral,Administration, Oral Drug,Oral Administration,Oral Drug Administration,Administrations, Oral,Administrations, Oral Drug,Drug Administrations, Oral,Oral Administrations,Oral Drug Administrations