Biomaterial Database

Cholesterol uptake by the 'selective' pathway of ovarian granulosa cells: early intracellular events. 1995

E Reaven, and L Tsai, and S Azhar

Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, USA.

Although the 'selective' pathway is a major cholesteryl ester (CE) uptake pathway used by steroidogenic cells, essentially nothing is known about the itinerary of the CE once it is extracted from lipoproteins at the cell surface. In the current report we have begun to trace 'selective' pathway internalized-CE using both native and reconstituted human (h) high density lipoproteins (hHDL3) with variously labeled and tagged CEs to provide information from either a biochemical or morphological perspective. It appears that the amount of hHDL3-CE that is internalized and processed through the 'selective' pathway is directly related to the amount of cholesterol used for steroidogenesis at any given time point. There is a time-related correlation between the level of the Bt2cAMP-stimulated cell steroidogenic response, the level of conversion of freshly obtained hHDL3-CE into progestins, increases in hHDL3-derived CE internalization, hHDL3-CE hydrolysis, re-esterification and/or storage. None of this processing takes place in non-stimulated (non-Bt2cAMP treated) cells which do not secrete progestins despite the availability of hHDL3 as a cholesterol source. The data suggest that the 'selective' pathway has a special role in steroidogenic cells-one of providing sufficient cholesterol to fuel the required production of steroid hormones.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008075	Lipoproteins, HDL	A class of lipoproteins of small size (4-13 nm) and dense (greater than 1.063 g/ml) particles. HDL lipoproteins, synthesized in the liver without a lipid core, accumulate cholesterol esters from peripheral tissues and transport them to the liver for re-utilization or elimination from the body (the reverse cholesterol transport). Their major protein component is APOLIPOPROTEIN A-I. HDL also shuttle APOLIPOPROTEINS C and APOLIPOPROTEINS E to and from triglyceride-rich lipoproteins during their catabolism. HDL plasma level has been inversely correlated with the risk of cardiovascular diseases.	High Density Lipoprotein,High-Density Lipoprotein,High-Density Lipoproteins,alpha-Lipoprotein,alpha-Lipoproteins,Heavy Lipoproteins,alpha-1 Lipoprotein,Density Lipoprotein, High,HDL Lipoproteins,High Density Lipoproteins,Lipoprotein, High Density,Lipoprotein, High-Density,Lipoproteins, Heavy,Lipoproteins, High-Density,alpha Lipoprotein,alpha Lipoproteins
D011372	Progestins	Compounds that interact with PROGESTERONE RECEPTORS in target tissues to bring about the effects similar to those of PROGESTERONE. Primary actions of progestins, including natural and synthetic steroids, are on the UTERUS and the MAMMARY GLAND in preparation for and in maintenance of PREGNANCY.	Gestagenic Agent,Progestagen,Progestagenic Agent,Progestational Agent,Progestational Compound,Progestational Hormone,Progestogen,Progestogens,Gestagen,Gestagen Effect,Gestagen Effects,Gestagenic Agents,Gestagenic Effect,Gestagenic Effects,Gestagens,Progestagenic Agents,Progestagens,Progestational Agents,Progestational Compounds,Progestational Hormones,Progestin,Progestin Effect,Progestin Effects,Progestogen Effect,Progestogen Effects,Agent, Gestagenic,Agent, Progestagenic,Agent, Progestational,Compound, Progestational,Effect, Gestagen,Effect, Gestagenic,Effect, Progestin,Effect, Progestogen,Effects, Gestagen,Effects, Gestagenic,Effects, Progestin,Effects, Progestogen,Hormone, Progestational
D001896	Boron Compounds	Inorganic or organic compounds that contain boron as an integral part of the molecule.	Borides,Compounds, Boron
D002478	Cells, Cultured	Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.	Cultured Cells,Cell, Cultured,Cultured Cell
D002784	Cholesterol	The principal sterol of all higher animals, distributed in body tissues, especially the brain and spinal cord, and in animal fats and oils.	Epicholesterol
D002788	Cholesterol Esters	Fatty acid esters of cholesterol which constitute about two-thirds of the cholesterol in the plasma. The accumulation of cholesterol esters in the arterial intima is a characteristic feature of atherosclerosis.	Cholesterol Ester,Cholesteryl Ester,Cholesteryl Esters,Ester, Cholesterol,Ester, Cholesteryl,Esters, Cholesterol,Esters, Cholesteryl
D003994	Bucladesine	A cyclic nucleotide derivative that mimics the action of endogenous CYCLIC AMP and is capable of permeating the cell membrane. It has vasodilator properties and is used as a cardiac stimulant. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)	Dibutyryl Adenosine-3',5'-Monophosphate,Dibutyryl Cyclic AMP,(But)(2) cAMP,Bucladesine, Barium (1:1) Salt,Bucladesine, Disodium Salt,Bucladesine, Monosodium Salt,Bucladesine, Sodium Salt,DBcAMP,Dibutyryl Adenosine 3,5 Monophosphate,N',O'-Dibutyryl-cAMP,N(6),0(2')-Dibutyryl Cyclic AMP,AMP, Dibutyryl Cyclic,Adenosine-3',5'-Monophosphate, Dibutyryl,Cyclic AMP, Dibutyryl,Dibutyryl Adenosine 3',5' Monophosphate,Disodium Salt Bucladesine,Monosodium Salt Bucladesine,N',O' Dibutyryl cAMP,Sodium Salt Bucladesine
D004951	Esterification	The process of converting an acid into an alkyl or aryl derivative. Most frequently the process consists of the reaction of an acid with an alcohol in the presence of a trace of mineral acid as catalyst or the reaction of an acyl chloride with an alcohol. Esterification can also be accomplished by enzymatic processes.	Esterifications
D005260	Female		Females
D005456	Fluorescent Dyes	Chemicals that emit light after excitation by light. The wave length of the emitted light is usually longer than that of the incident light. Fluorochromes are substances that cause fluorescence in other substances, i.e., dyes used to mark or label other compounds with fluorescent tags.	Flourescent Agent,Fluorescent Dye,Fluorescent Probe,Fluorescent Probes,Fluorochrome,Fluorochromes,Fluorogenic Substrates,Fluorescence Agents,Fluorescent Agents,Fluorogenic Substrate,Agents, Fluorescence,Agents, Fluorescent,Dyes, Fluorescent,Probes, Fluorescent,Substrates, Fluorogenic