Biomaterial Database

Mutations in the human papillomavirus type 16 E2 protein identify multiple regions of the protein involved in binding to E1. 1995

A Piccini, and A Storey, and P Massimi, and L Banks

International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy.

Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) DNA replicates episomally and requires two virally expressed proteins, E1 and E2. The E1 protein has both helicase and ATPase activities and is absolutely required for viral DNA replication. The E2 protein is a potent transcriptional activator and greatly increases viral DNA replication by colocalizing E1 to the origin of replication. Recently, we characterized a region of the E2 protein essential for the binding to E1. In this study we have analysed in further detail the nature of the association between E1 and E2. Using an extensive set of E2 mutant proteins we have identified two widely separate regions of the E2 protein which are essential for binding to E1. Interestingly, two E2 mutants which fail to bind E1 also fail to activate gene expression, indicating the existence of multifunctional domains on the E2 protein. In addition, cotransfection of E1 with E2 significantly increases E2 transcriptional activity on an heterologous promoter.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009154	Mutation	Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.	Mutations
D009856	Oncogene Proteins, Viral	Products of viral oncogenes, most commonly retroviral oncogenes. They usually have transforming and often protein kinase activities.	Viral Oncogene Proteins,Viral Transforming Proteins,v-onc Proteins,Transforming Proteins, Viral,v onc Proteins
D011485	Protein Binding	The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.	Plasma Protein Binding Capacity,Binding, Protein
D002460	Cell Line	Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.	Cell Lines,Line, Cell,Lines, Cell
D003673	Defective Viruses	Viruses which lack a complete genome so that they cannot completely replicate or cannot form a protein coat. Some are host-dependent defectives, meaning they can replicate only in cell systems which provide the particular genetic function which they lack. Others, called SATELLITE VIRUSES, are able to replicate only when their genetic defect is complemented by a helper virus.	Incomplete Viruses,Defective Hybrids,Defective Hybrid,Defective Virus,Hybrid, Defective,Hybrids, Defective,Incomplete Virus,Virus, Defective,Virus, Incomplete,Viruses, Defective,Viruses, Incomplete
D004268	DNA-Binding Proteins	Proteins which bind to DNA. The family includes proteins which bind to both double- and single-stranded DNA and also includes specific DNA binding proteins in serum which can be used as markers for malignant diseases.	DNA Helix Destabilizing Proteins,DNA-Binding Protein,Single-Stranded DNA Binding Proteins,DNA Binding Protein,DNA Single-Stranded Binding Protein,SS DNA BP,Single-Stranded DNA-Binding Protein,Binding Protein, DNA,DNA Binding Proteins,DNA Single Stranded Binding Protein,DNA-Binding Protein, Single-Stranded,Protein, DNA-Binding,Single Stranded DNA Binding Protein,Single Stranded DNA Binding Proteins
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D001665	Binding Sites	The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule.	Combining Site,Binding Site,Combining Sites,Site, Binding,Site, Combining,Sites, Binding,Sites, Combining
D014162	Transfection	The uptake of naked or purified DNA by CELLS, usually meaning the process as it occurs in eukaryotic cells. It is analogous to bacterial transformation (TRANSFORMATION, BACTERIAL) and both are routinely employed in GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES.	Transfections
D015514	Oncogene Proteins, Fusion	The GENETIC TRANSLATION products of the fusion between an ONCOGENE and another gene. The latter may be of viral or cellular origin.	Chimeric Oncogene Proteins,Chimeric Proteins, Oncogene,Fusion Proteins, Oncogene,Oncogene Fusion Proteins,Oncogene Proteins, Chimeric,Fusion Oncogene Proteins,Oncogene Chimeric Proteins,Proteins, Chimeric Oncogene,Proteins, Fusion Oncogene,Proteins, Oncogene Chimeric,Proteins, Oncogene Fusion