Biomaterial Database

Net nutrient flux by visceral tissues of beef steers given abomasal and ruminal infusions of casein and starch. 1995

K Taniguchi, and G B Huntington, and B P Glenn

Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan.

The objective of this study was to quantify changes of net nutrient metabolism by portal-drained viscera (PDV) and liver of four beef steers (253 +/- 7 kg) in response to combinations of ruminal (R) or abomasal (A) infusions of cornstarch (S) and casein (C). The four treatments in a Latin square design were SACA, SACR, SRCA, and SRCR. Steers were fed alfalfa hay (DMI = 4 kg/d) as a basal diet in 12 equal meals delivered every 2 h and they received continuous infusion of S (800 g/d) and C (200 g/d) in 11-d periods. Digestibilities of DM, N, NDF, and starch, ruminal outflow of liquids and DM, and energy and N retention were less (P < .05) for SA than for SR. Net ammonia and glucose release from PDV were greater (P < .01) for SA than for SR. Net total VFA, acetate, and beta-hydroxybutyrate release from PDV and total splanchnic acetate and beta-hydroxybutyrate release were greater (P < .05) for SR than for SA, but starch infusion site had no effect (P > .10) on net urea N transfer or alpha-amino N release by PDV. Net release of ammonia N, propionate, and total VFA by PDV and uptake of urea N by PDV were greater for CR than for CA, but net alpha-amino N release by PDV and total splanchnic tissues were greater for CA than for CR (P < .05). Summation of energy supply by PDV indicated no difference in total supply among the treatments, but relative contribution of energy sources was affected by infusion site. Energy release by PDV per unit of DE intake was .68 and .66 for SA and SR, respectively. Net release of glucose by PDV was greater for SACA than for SACR (P < .05). These results suggest that site of digestion of starch and casein varies the relative contribution of nutrients to energy supply by visceral tissues and therefore varies N use in beef steers.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008099	Liver	A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.	Livers
D008297	Male		Males
D009584	Nitrogen	An element with the atomic symbol N, atomic number 7, and atomic weight [14.00643; 14.00728]. Nitrogen exists as a diatomic gas and makes up about 78% of the earth's atmosphere by volume. It is a constituent of proteins and nucleic acids and found in all living cells.
D002364	Caseins	A mixture of related phosphoproteins occurring in milk and cheese. The group is characterized as one of the most nutritive milk proteins, containing all of the common amino acids and rich in the essential ones.	alpha-Casein,gamma-Casein,AD beta-Casein,Acetylated, Dephosphorylated beta-Casein,Casein,Casein A,K-Casein,Sodium Caseinate,alpha(S1)-Casein,alpha(S1)-Casein A,alpha(S1)-Casein B,alpha(S1)-Casein C,alpha(S2)-Casein,alpha-Caseins,beta-Casein,beta-Caseins,epsilon-Casein,gamma-Caseins,kappa-Casein,kappa-Caseins,AD beta Casein,Caseinate, Sodium,K Casein,alpha Casein,alpha Caseins,beta Casein,beta Caseins,beta-Casein Acetylated, Dephosphorylated,beta-Casein, AD,epsilon Casein,gamma Casein,gamma Caseins,kappa Casein,kappa Caseins
D002417	Cattle	Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.	Beef Cow,Bos grunniens,Bos indicus,Bos indicus Cattle,Bos taurus,Cow,Cow, Domestic,Dairy Cow,Holstein Cow,Indicine Cattle,Taurine Cattle,Taurus Cattle,Yak,Zebu,Beef Cows,Bos indicus Cattles,Cattle, Bos indicus,Cattle, Indicine,Cattle, Taurine,Cattle, Taurus,Cattles, Bos indicus,Cattles, Indicine,Cattles, Taurine,Cattles, Taurus,Cow, Beef,Cow, Dairy,Cow, Holstein,Cows,Dairy Cows,Domestic Cow,Domestic Cows,Indicine Cattles,Taurine Cattles,Taurus Cattles,Yaks,Zebus
D004032	Diet	Regular course of eating and drinking adopted by a person or animal.	Diets
D004063	Digestion	The process of breakdown of food for metabolism and use by the body.
D004734	Energy Metabolism	The chemical reactions involved in the production and utilization of various forms of energy in cells.	Bioenergetics,Energy Expenditure,Bioenergetic,Energy Expenditures,Energy Metabolisms,Expenditure, Energy,Expenditures, Energy,Metabolism, Energy,Metabolisms, Energy
D005947	Glucose	A primary source of energy for living organisms. It is naturally occurring and is found in fruits and other parts of plants in its free state. It is used therapeutically in fluid and nutrient replacement.	Dextrose,Anhydrous Dextrose,D-Glucose,Glucose Monohydrate,Glucose, (DL)-Isomer,Glucose, (alpha-D)-Isomer,Glucose, (beta-D)-Isomer,D Glucose,Dextrose, Anhydrous,Monohydrate, Glucose
D006885	Hydroxybutyrates	Salts and esters of hydroxybutyric acid.	Hydroxybutyric Acid Derivatives,Hydroxybutyric Acids,Acid Derivatives, Hydroxybutyric