Biomaterial Database

Experience with warm blood cardioplegia in 480 patients. 1995

G A Tolis, and G Astras, and N Sfyras, and G Georgiou

Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Center of Athens HYGEIA, S.A., Greece.

From 1 March 1992 too 31 July 1993 (17 months), 480 consecutive patients underwent various open-heart procedures under anterograde (83 patients) or retrograde (397 patients) or retrograde (397 patients) continuous warm blood cardioplegia. Some 352 patients (73.3%) had isolated coronary artery bypass grafts (CABG) and 117 (24.3%) had valve replacement either isolated (96) or in combination with other operations (21). Two patients had CABG and ventricular aneurysmectomy, eight had correction of congenital defects, and one had resection of left atrial myxoma. The 30-day postoperative mortality rate was 2.9% (14 deaths). In four patients the cause of death was not cardiogenic. An intra-aortic balloon was used in 11 patients following CABG (3.1%) with six survivors. Perforation of the coronary sinus occurred in one patient. Perioperative myocardial infarction was observed in 5.6% of patients after CABG. No myocardial infarction occurred after valve replacement. Phrenic nerve injury and wound infection were not observed. These results indicate that warm blood cardioplegia, especially when delivered retrogradely, provides excellent myocardial protection of both ventricles during various open-heart procedures.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D008875	Middle Aged	An adult aged 45 - 64 years.	Middle Age
D011183	Postoperative Complications	Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.	Complication, Postoperative,Complications, Postoperative,Postoperative Complication
D002314	Cardioplegic Solutions	Solutions which, upon administration, will temporarily arrest cardiac activity. They are used in the performance of heart surgery.	Cardioplegic Solution,Solution, Cardioplegic,Solutions, Cardioplegic
D002404	Catheterization	Use or insertion of a tubular device into a duct, blood vessel, hollow organ, or body cavity for injecting or withdrawing fluids for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. It differs from INTUBATION in that the tube here is used to restore or maintain patency in obstructions.	Cannulation,Cannulations,Catheterizations
D005260	Female		Females
D006322	Heart Aneurysm	A localized bulging or dilatation in the muscle wall of a heart (MYOCARDIUM), usually in the LEFT VENTRICLE. Blood-filled aneurysms are dangerous because they may burst. Fibrous aneurysms interfere with the heart function through the loss of contractility. True aneurysm is bound by the vessel wall or cardiac wall. False aneurysms are HEMATOMA caused by myocardial rupture.	Cardiac Aneurysm,Aneurysm, Cardiac,Aneurysm, Heart,Aneurysms, Cardiac,Aneurysms, Heart,Cardiac Aneurysms,Heart Aneurysms
D006324	Heart Arrest, Induced	A procedure to stop the contraction of MYOCARDIUM during HEART SURGERY. It is usually achieved with the use of chemicals (CARDIOPLEGIC SOLUTIONS) or cold temperature (such as chilled perfusate).	Cardiac Arrest, Induced,Cardioplegia,Induced Cardiac Arrest,Induced Heart Arrest,Cardioplegias
D006330	Heart Defects, Congenital	Developmental abnormalities involving structures of the heart. These defects are present at birth but may be discovered later in life.	Congenital Heart Disease,Heart Abnormalities,Abnormality, Heart,Congenital Heart Defect,Congenital Heart Defects,Defects, Congenital Heart,Heart Defect, Congenital,Heart, Malformation Of,Congenital Heart Diseases,Defect, Congenital Heart,Disease, Congenital Heart,Heart Abnormality,Heart Disease, Congenital,Malformation Of Heart,Malformation Of Hearts
D006338	Heart Neoplasms	Tumors in any part of the heart. They include primary cardiac tumors and metastatic tumors to the heart. Their interference with normal cardiac functions can cause a wide variety of symptoms including HEART FAILURE; CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS; or EMBOLISM.	Cardiac Cancer,Cardiac Carcinoma,Cardiac Neoplasms,Cardiac Tumor,Cardiac Tumors,Heart Cancer,Heart Tumor,Intracavitary Tumors of the Heart,Myocardial Tumors (Rhabdomyomas and Fibromas),Neoplasms, Cardiac,Neoplasms, Heart,Primary Cardiac Tumors, Childhood,Cancer, Cardiac,Cancer, Heart,Cancers, Cardiac,Cancers, Heart,Carcinoma, Cardiac,Carcinomas, Cardiac,Cardiac Cancers,Cardiac Carcinomas,Cardiac Neoplasm,Heart Cancers,Heart Neoplasm,Heart Tumors,Myocardial Tumor (Rhabdomyomas and Fibromas),Neoplasm, Cardiac,Neoplasm, Heart,Tumor, Cardiac,Tumor, Heart,Tumor, Myocardial (Rhabdomyomas and Fibromas),Tumors, Cardiac,Tumors, Heart,Tumors, Myocardial (Rhabdomyomas and Fibromas)