Biomaterial Database

The effect of ethanol on glycerolipid biosynthesis by primary monolayer cultures of adult rat hepatocytes. 1979

C K Wood, and R G Lamb

This study evaluates the effects of ethanol exposure on glycerolipid production and release by hepatocyte monolayers. Glycerolipid formation from [1,3-14C]glycerol was increased in monolayers exposed to ethanol (1--50 mM) for 6 h. Monolayers exposed to 1 mM ethanol for 24 h also exhibited a rise in glycerolipid formation from either [1,3-14C]glycerol or [1-14C]palmitate; however, higher ethanol concentrations produced a dose dependent decrease in glycerolipid formation. Glycerolipids released into the medium by monolayers declined after all periods of ethanol exposure. The effects of ethanol on the enzymatic reactions involved in glycerolipid biosynthesis were determined in homogenates prepared from monolayers exposed to ethanol. Two enzymes, phosphatidate phosphohydrolase and glycerol kinase, exhibited ethanol-induced alterations in enzyme activity; however, only glycerol kinase activity correlated well with monolayer glycerolipid formation. These ethanol-induced alterations in enzyme activities and glycerolipid biosynthesis were reduced by simultaneously exposing monolayers to pyrazole or cycloheximide.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008099	Liver	A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.	Livers
D008297	Male		Males
D010168	Palmitates	Salts and esters of the 16-carbon saturated monocarboxylic acid--palmitic acid.	Hexadecanoates,Palmitate
D010711	Phosphatidate Phosphatase	A phosphomonoesterase involved in the synthesis of triacylglycerols. It catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphatidates with the formation of diacylglycerols and orthophosphate. EC 3.1.3.4.	Phosphatidate Phosphohydrolase,Phosphatidic Acid Phosphatase,Phosphatidic Acid Phosphohydrolase,Phosphatase, Phosphatidate,Phosphatase, Phosphatidic Acid,Phosphohydrolase, Phosphatidate,Phosphohydrolase, Phosphatidic Acid
D010743	Phospholipids	Lipids containing one or more phosphate groups, particularly those derived from either glycerol (phosphoglycerides see GLYCEROPHOSPHOLIPIDS) or sphingosine (SPHINGOLIPIDS). They are polar lipids that are of great importance for the structure and function of cell membranes and are the most abundant of membrane lipids, although not stored in large amounts in the system.	Phosphatides,Phospholipid
D011720	Pyrazoles	Azoles of two nitrogens at the 1,2 positions, next to each other, in contrast with IMIDAZOLES in which they are at the 1,3 positions.
D003513	Cycloheximide	Antibiotic substance isolated from streptomycin-producing strains of Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting elongation during protein synthesis.	Actidione,Cicloheximide
D005989	Glycerides	GLYCEROL esterified with FATTY ACIDS.	Acylglycerol,Acylglycerols
D005990	Glycerol	A trihydroxy sugar alcohol that is an intermediate in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. It is used as a solvent, emollient, pharmaceutical agent, or sweetening agent.	1,2,3-Propanetriol,Glycerin,1,2,3-Trihydroxypropane,Glycerine
D005991	Glycerol Kinase	An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of glycerol 3-phosphate from ATP and glycerol. Dihydroxyacetone and L-glyceraldehyde can also act as acceptors; UTP and, in the case of the yeast enzyme, ITP and GTP can act as donors. It provides a way for glycerol derived from fats or glycerides to enter the glycolytic pathway. EC 2.7.1.30.	Glycerokinase,Kinase, Glycerol