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In this study, we compared cholesterol efflux mediated by either high density lipoproteins (HDL3) or beta-cyclodextrins, cyclic oligosaccharides that are able to dissolve lipids in their hydrophobic core. beta-Cyclodextrin, 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin, and methyl-beta-cyclodextrin at 10 mM induced the release of 50-90% of L-cell [3H]cholesterol after 8 h of incubation, with a major portion of this cholesterol being released in the first 1-2 h of incubation. The cholesterol efflux kinetics are different if cells are incubated with HDL3, which induces a relatively constant rate of release of cholesterol throughout an 8-h incubation. Cholesterol efflux to cyclodextrins was much greater than phospholipid release. To test the hypothesis that maximal efflux rate constants for a particular cell are independent of the type of acceptor, we estimated the maximal rate constants for efflux (Vmax) of cellular cholesterol from L-cells, Fu5AH cells, and GM3468A fibroblasts. The rate constant for HDL3-mediated efflux varied among cell lines in the order Fu5AH > L-cells > fibroblasts. However, these differences were not evident when cyclodextrins were used as cholesterol acceptors. The estimated Vmax values for cyclodextrin-mediated efflux were 3.5-70-fold greater than for HDL3 for the three cell lines. The very high efficiency of cyclodextrins in stimulating cell cholesterol efflux suggests that these compounds can be used in two general ways for studies of atherosclerosis: 1) as research tools to probe mechanisms of cholesterol transport and aspects of membrane structure or 2) as potential pharmacological agents that could modify in vivo cholesterol metabolism and influence the development of the atherosclerotic plaque.
E P Kilsdonk, and
P G Yancey, and
G W Stoudt, and
F W Bangerter, and
W J Johnson, and
M C Phillips, and
G H Rothblat
May 1998,
Biochimica et biophysica acta,
E P Kilsdonk, and
P G Yancey, and
G W Stoudt, and
F W Bangerter, and
W J Johnson, and
M C Phillips, and
G H Rothblat
July 1998,
Biochimica et biophysica acta,
E P Kilsdonk, and
P G Yancey, and
G W Stoudt, and
F W Bangerter, and
W J Johnson, and
M C Phillips, and
G H Rothblat
January 2015,
Annals of clinical and laboratory science,
E P Kilsdonk, and
P G Yancey, and
G W Stoudt, and
F W Bangerter, and
W J Johnson, and
M C Phillips, and
G H Rothblat
September 1997,
Journal of lipid research,
E P Kilsdonk, and
P G Yancey, and
G W Stoudt, and
F W Bangerter, and
W J Johnson, and
M C Phillips, and
G H Rothblat
October 2001,
Biochimica et biophysica acta,
E P Kilsdonk, and
P G Yancey, and
G W Stoudt, and
F W Bangerter, and
W J Johnson, and
M C Phillips, and
G H Rothblat
June 2000,
Journal of lipid research,
E P Kilsdonk, and
P G Yancey, and
G W Stoudt, and
F W Bangerter, and
W J Johnson, and
M C Phillips, and
G H Rothblat
March 2024,
Carbohydrate polymers,
E P Kilsdonk, and
P G Yancey, and
G W Stoudt, and
F W Bangerter, and
W J Johnson, and
M C Phillips, and
G H Rothblat
January 2019,
Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.),
E P Kilsdonk, and
P G Yancey, and
G W Stoudt, and
F W Bangerter, and
W J Johnson, and
M C Phillips, and
G H Rothblat
May 2001,
American journal of physiology. Cell physiology,
E P Kilsdonk, and
P G Yancey, and
G W Stoudt, and
F W Bangerter, and
W J Johnson, and
M C Phillips, and
G H Rothblat
July 2023,
Microscopy and microanalysis : the official journal of Microscopy Society of America, Microbeam Analysis Society, Microscopical Society of Canada,
