There is an escalating epidemic of rape in the United States. All victims have psychological injury, and over half sustain physical injury in the assault. The response of health care professionals to these women demands sensitivity and expertise. A focused history and well-documented physical examination are crucial. Consistency among the history and physical findings, objective findings of recent trauma, and evidence of recent sexual activity are critical. Compliance with forensic protocols ensures that this information will be available for criminal proceedings. Long-term follow-up care and psychological support are necessary for the woman to make the transition from victim to survivor.