Biomaterial Database

Diet quality and ruminal digestion in beef cattle grazing midgrass prairie rangeland or plains bluestem pasture throughout the summer. 1995

S A Gunter, and F T McCollum, and R L Gillen, and L J Krysl

Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station, Stillwater 74078-0102, USA.

Beef cattle fitted with esophageal (four steers/pasture) or ruminal and duodenal (six calves/pasture; beginning BW +/- SE = 267 +/- 6 kg) cannulas grazed midgrass prairie rangeland (excellent range condition; MIDGRASS) or plains bluestem (Bothriochloa ischaemum var. Plains) pasture (BLUESTEM) in mid-May, late-June, mid-August, and mid-October of 1990 and 1991. Nitrogen in masticate samples collected from MIDGRASS was lowest (P < .05) in June and August across both years. The N in BLUESTEM masticate peaked (P < .05) in August 1990, but N was lowest (P < .05) in August 1991. The detergent fiber content of masticate from both forages increased (P < .05) as the grazing season advanced from May through August; fall regrowth in October occasionally resulted in a small decrease (P < .05) in fiber content. In vitro OM disappearance (IVOMD) followed a pattern similar to N content. The IVOMD of BLUESTEM masticate was greater (P < .05) than that of MIDGRASS masticate. The ruminal ammonia N concentration (milligrams/deciliter) in cattle grazing BLUESTEM (4.5) usually was greater (P < .05) than in cattle grazing MIDGRASS (3.3). In situ OM and N disappearance was greater (P < .05) from BLUESTEM masticate than from MIDGRASS masticate in May, June, and August. The ruminally degraded N:ruminally degraded OM ratio (grams/kilograms) estimated from in situ digestion suggested that cattle grazing MIDGRASS during the mid-summer of both years and BLUESTEM in August 1991 may have been marginally deficient in ruminally degraded N. Plains bluestem pasture would complement MIDGRASS by providing better quality grazing during the mid-summer.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D009584	Nitrogen	An element with the atomic symbol N, atomic number 7, and atomic weight [14.00643; 14.00728]. Nitrogen exists as a diatomic gas and makes up about 78% of the earth's atmosphere by volume. It is a constituent of proteins and nucleic acids and found in all living cells.
D002417	Cattle	Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.	Beef Cow,Bos grunniens,Bos indicus,Bos indicus Cattle,Bos taurus,Cow,Cow, Domestic,Dairy Cow,Holstein Cow,Indicine Cattle,Taurine Cattle,Taurus Cattle,Yak,Zebu,Beef Cows,Bos indicus Cattles,Cattle, Bos indicus,Cattle, Indicine,Cattle, Taurine,Cattle, Taurus,Cattles, Bos indicus,Cattles, Indicine,Cattles, Taurine,Cattles, Taurus,Cow, Beef,Cow, Dairy,Cow, Holstein,Cows,Dairy Cows,Domestic Cow,Domestic Cows,Indicine Cattles,Taurine Cattles,Taurus Cattles,Yaks,Zebus
D004063	Digestion	The process of breakdown of food for metabolism and use by the body.
D005260	Female		Females
D005285	Fermentation	Anaerobic degradation of GLUCOSE or other organic nutrients to gain energy in the form of ATP. End products vary depending on organisms, substrates, and enzymatic pathways. Common fermentation products include ETHANOL and LACTIC ACID.	Fermentations
D005527	Food, Fortified	Any food that has been supplemented with essential NUTRIENTS either in quantities that are greater than those normally present, or which are not found in the food typically. Fortified food also includes food enriched by adding various nutrients to compensate for those removed by refinement or processing. (Modified from Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992).	Enriched Food,Food, Supplemented,Enriched Foods,Food, Enriched,Foods, Enriched,Foods, Fortified,Foods, Supplemented,Fortified Food,Fortified Foods,Supplemented Food,Supplemented Foods
D006109	Poaceae	A large family of narrow-leaved herbaceous grasses of the order Cyperales, subclass Commelinidae, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons). Food grains (EDIBLE GRAIN) come from members of this family. RHINITIS, ALLERGIC, SEASONAL can be induced by POLLEN of many of the grasses.	Alopecurus,Arundo,Gramineae,Grasses,Imperata,Grass,Imperata cylindrica
D000641	Ammonia	A colorless alkaline gas. It is formed in the body during decomposition of organic materials during a large number of metabolically important reactions. Note that the aqueous form of ammonia is referred to as AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE.
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia