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Quality assurance for gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery. 1995

A H Maitz, and A Wu, and L D Lunsford, and J C Flickinger, and D Kondziolka, and W D Bloomer
Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA 15213, USA.

OBJECTIVE This quality assurance program is designed for stereotactic radiosurgical units, gamma knife, to check and maintain the unit to preclude accidents and comply with current regulations. METHODS Over 58 stereotactic radiosurgical units using 201 focused 60Co beams have been installed in the last 7 years and are in use at hospitals throughout the world, with at least 11 additional units being prepared to come on-line in the next year. This system has been in use at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) for 7 years. A comprehensive quality assurance program has been developed. It includes the physics and dosimetry parameters and safety checks required by regulatory agencies. The program, based on over 7 years of experience in measurements, and used during the treatment of over 1500 patients, is separated into three aspects, namely physics, dosimetry, and safety. The UPMC program hopefully will indicate out-of-tolerance problems. Some quality assurance items are checked on a daily basis prior to patient treatment, while other aspects are checked on a weekly, monthly, and/or annual basis. A complete list of items with their respective time tables and tolerances is provided. RESULTS Although experience shows very small margins of error, larger values were chosen to account for variations in equipment and techniques. CONCLUSIONS Items included in this quality assurance program should indicate and/or preclude problems encountered in the use of this unit.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D011785 Quality Assurance, Health Care Activities and programs intended to assure or improve the quality of care in either a defined medical setting or a program. The concept includes the assessment or evaluation of the quality of care; identification of problems or shortcomings in the delivery of care; designing activities to overcome these deficiencies; and follow-up monitoring to ensure effectiveness of corrective steps. Quality Assessment, Health Care,Health Care Quality Assessment,Health Care Quality Assurance,Healthcare Quality Assessment,Healthcare Quality Assurance,Quality Assessment, Healthcare,Quality Assurance, Healthcare,Assessment, Healthcare Quality,Assessments, Healthcare Quality,Assurance, Healthcare Quality,Assurances, Healthcare Quality,Healthcare Quality Assessments,Healthcare Quality Assurances,Quality Assessments, Healthcare,Quality Assurances, Healthcare
D011786 Quality Control A system for verifying and maintaining a desired level of quality in a product or process by careful planning, use of proper equipment, continued inspection, and corrective action as required. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed) Control, Quality,Controls, Quality,Quality Controls
D003037 Cobalt Radioisotopes Unstable isotopes of cobalt that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Co atoms with atomic weights of 54-64, except 59, are radioactive cobalt isotopes. Radioisotopes, Cobalt
D005720 Gamma Rays Penetrating, high-energy electromagnetic radiation emitted from atomic nuclei during NUCLEAR DECAY. The range of wavelengths of emitted radiation is between 0.1 - 100 pm which overlaps the shorter, more energetic hard X-RAYS wavelengths. The distinction between gamma rays and X-rays is based on their radiation source. Gamma Wave,Gamma Radiation,Nuclear X-Rays,Radiation, Gamma,X-Rays, Nuclear,Gamma Radiations,Gamma Ray,Gamma Waves,Nuclear X Rays,Nuclear X-Ray,Ray, Gamma,Wave, Gamma,Waves, Gamma,X Rays, Nuclear,X-Ray, Nuclear
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D012449 Safety Freedom from exposure to danger and protection from the occurrence or risk of injury or loss. It suggests optimal precautions in the workplace, on the street, in the home, etc., and includes personal safety as well as the safety of property. Safeties
D013238 Stereotaxic Techniques Techniques used mostly during brain surgery which use a system of three-dimensional coordinates to locate the site to be operated on. Stereotactic Techniques,Stereotaxic Technics,Stereotactic Technique,Stereotaxic Technic,Stereotaxic Technique,Technic, Stereotaxic,Technics, Stereotaxic,Technique, Stereotactic,Technique, Stereotaxic,Techniques, Stereotactic,Techniques, Stereotaxic
D016634 Radiosurgery A radiological stereotactic technique developed for cutting or destroying tissue by high doses of radiation in place of surgical incisions. It was originally developed for neurosurgery on structures in the brain and its use gradually spread to radiation surgery on extracranial structures as well. The usual rigid needles or probes of stereotactic surgery are replaced with beams of ionizing radiation directed toward a target so as to achieve local tissue destruction. Gamma Knife Radiosurgery,Linear Accelerator Radiosurgery,Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy,Stereotactic Radiosurgery,CyberKnife Radiosurgery,LINAC Radiosurgery,Radiosurgery, Gamma Knife,Radiosurgery, Linear Accelerator,Radiosurgery, Stereotactic,Stereotactic Radiation,Stereotactic Radiation Therapy,CyberKnife Radiosurgeries,Gamma Knife Radiosurgeries,LINAC Radiosurgeries,Linear Accelerator Radiosurgeries,Radiation Therapy, Stereotactic,Radiation, Stereotactic,Radiosurgery, CyberKnife,Radiosurgery, LINAC,Radiotherapy, Stereotactic Body,Stereotactic Body Radiotherapies,Stereotactic Radiation Therapies,Stereotactic Radiations,Stereotactic Radiosurgeries,Therapy, Stereotactic Radiation

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